2026-10-18T00:10:39Z https://jor.pensoft.net/oai.php

10.3897/jor.26.14541 2017-06-28 jor

New distribution records of Orthoptera of Greece Alexiou,Sotiris new localities stridulation Macedonia occurrence Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 53-61 New distribution data on Orthoptera of Greece are presented. Acrometopa servillea (Brullé, 1832), Platycleis grisea (Fabricius, 1781) and Poecilimon propinquus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 are reported as new to Mt. Kitheron, the last one also as new to Nomos Biotias. Anterastes serbicus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 and Ephippiger ephippiger ephippiger (Fiebig, 1784) are reported as new to Mt. Vrondous. Platycleis escalerai escalerai Bolivar, 1899, Incertana incerta (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882), Eupholidoptera kykladica Heller, Willemse and Willemse, 2009 and Eumodicogryllus bordigalensis bordigalensis (Latreille, 1804) are new to Attiki. The last two are also new to Sterea Ellas. Platycleis affinis affinis Fieber, 1853, is new to Kiklades. Gryllus (Gryllus) campestris Linnaeus, 1758, Xya variegata (Latreille, 1809) and Xya pfaendleri Harz, 1970 are new records for Nomos Serron. Trigonidium (Trigonidium) cicindeloides Rambur, 1838 is reported as new to Macedonia. We confirm the presence of Mogoplistes brunneus Serville, 1838 at the Aegean Sea. Lastly, Paranocarodes chopardi Pechev, 1965 is reported as new to Macedonia and sound production in that species is discussed for the first time. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14541 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14541 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14541/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14541/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14547 2017-06-28 jor

Phylogenetic relationship of Japanese Podismini species (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) inferred from a partial sequence of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene Grzywacz,Beata Tatsuta,Haruki grasshoppers polymorphism mitochondrial DNA Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 11-19 Members of the tribe Podismini (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) are distributed mainly in Eurasia and the western and eastern regions of North America. The primary aim of this study is to explore the phylogenetic relationship of Japanese Podismini grasshoppers by comparing partial sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. Forty podismine species (including nineteen Japanese species) and thirty-seven species from other tribes of the Melanoplinae (Dactylotini, Dichroplini, Melanoplini, and Jivarini) were used in the analyses. All the Japanese Podismini, except Anapodisma, were placed in a well-supported subclade. However, our results did not correspond with the classification on the basis of morphological similarity for the status of Tonkinacridina. This group of Japanese species constituted a single clade with other species of Miramellina and Podismina, while Eurasian continental species of Tonkinacridina were placed in other separate clades. This incongruence might have resulted from historical migratory events between continent and ancient islands and subsequent convergent/parallel evolution in morphology. Some remarks on phylogenetic positions in Podismini and other tribes were also made in terms of reconstructed phylogeny. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14547 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14547 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14547/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14547/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14549 2017-06-28 jor

Effects of different mowing regimes on orthopterans of Central-European mesic hay meadows Kenyeres,Zoltan Szentirmai,István density vegetation height grassland management Hungary biodiversity conservation Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 29-37 Method, frequency and date of mowing influence the presence and population size of Orthoptera species, which show strong dependence on the vertical structure of grasslands. Responses of orthopteran assemblages to the effects of various mowing regimes applied to different parts of the same habitat are still not fully understood. In this study, we asked how different mowing regimes (mowing in May; mowing in September; mowing in May and September; abandonment of mowing) influence species richness, Shannon diversity and density of local orthopteran assemblages on a small spatial scale in Central European mesic hay meadows. Furthermore, the study aimed to determine the type of meadow management that is most suitable for preserving local orthopteran assemblages. The date of mowing had no significant overall effect on species richness, density or diversity of grasshoppers. However, grasshopper species richness and Shannon diversity were reduced immediately after mowing (in June sampling of sites mown in May), and rose later in the season. Grasshopper density was low on abandoned sites which were not mowed in the last ten years and there was a negative correlation between orthopteran density and vegetation height. Nymphs, on the other hand, showed elevated density just after mowing which was reduced later in the season. Life forms of the orthopteran assemblages showed dominance of pratinicol species. Silvicol species were found only in abandoned habitats, while arbusticol species were found only on abandoned patches and patches mown in September. Results showed that the long-term preservation of natural orthopteran assemblages in mesic hay meadows would benefit from landuse practices which are diversified spatially and temporally, as practiced in traditional extensive management regimes. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14549 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14549 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14549/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14549/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14550 2017-06-28 jor

Phenotypic plasticity in color without molt in adult grasshoppers of the genus Sphingonotus (Acrididae: Oedipodinae) Peralta-Rincon,Juan Ramon Escudero,Graciela Edelaar,Pim homochromy crypsis color change image analysis habitat choice pheomelanin eumelanin Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 21-27 Homochromy (i.e. that individuals have a similar color as their environment) is frequent in grasshoppers, and probably functions to reduce detection by potential predators. Nymphs of several soil-perching grasshopper species are known to show color changes during development that increase homochromy, with color being determined with each molt. While this is well documented for young individuals, the only color change in response to the environment that has been recorded for adult grasshoppers of these species is an overall darkening of the individual when exposed to dark surfaces. Whether grasshoppers can also adaptively change color hue is relevant for our understanding of the evolution of locally adapted crypsis. We therefore exposed two groups of adult grasshoppers to a bluish-gray substrate or a reddish-brown substrate, and recorded their color over time. Quantitative digital image analysis showed that adult soil-perching grasshoppers remained capable of adapting to changes in the color of their surroundings through a plastic response. Compared to nymphs, the changes are not as strong and much slower. We suggest that color change in adults occurs through the ongoing deposition of melanins, with eumelanin making individuals more bluish-gray and pheomelanin making individuals more reddish-brown. The fact that color change is possible but slow supports that other mechanisms, such as habitat choice or selective predation, may also play a role in adapting local populations to substrate color. In addition, the ability of these grasshoppers to produce different melanins in response to the environment supports a previous suggestion that they might be useful in the future development of animal models to study melanin-related diseases like melanoma and Parkinson´s disease. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14550 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14550 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14550/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14550/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14551 2017-06-28 jor

Ground dwelling pygmy grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) in Southeast Asian tropical freshwater swamp forest prefer wet microhabitats Tan,Ming Kai Yeo,Huiqing Hwang,Wei Song abundance ecology limno-terrestrial microhabitat association Singapore Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 73-80 Tetrigidae are an ancient group of grasshoppers and, similar to many other insects, have associations and preferences for specific microhabitats and habitats. The ecology of pygmy grasshoppers in Southeast Asia is generally under studied, especially in threatened habitats such as freshwater swamp forests. A study in Nee Soon Swamp forest, Singapore, was conducted to investigate association of limno-terrestrial pygmy grasshoppers with waterbodies and microhabitat. Specifically, we looked at the abundance and species assemblage of all pygmy grasshoppers. We correlated the abundance with major gradients of variation summarizing substrate and vegetation types along belt transects where sampling was performed. We found that pygmy grasshoppers in general are associated with wetter microhabitat conditions rather than the main streams in the swamp forest (i.e., water bodies). This is despite differences in microhabitat conditions of belt transects nearer to and further away from the main streams. We also found that pygmy grasshopper abundance is associated with the wetness of dicot leaf litter. We inferred that the abundance of food resources and suitability for egg development may explain their preference for wet microhabitats. We also found that the same patterns applied for adults and juveniles, suggesting that there is no demographic difference or ontogenetic shift in microhabitat association. Lastly, the adult assemblage can also be correlated to microhabitats. Based on our findings, we propose that pygmy grasshoppers can also be suitable bio-indicators for the freshwater swamp forest, owing to their sensitivity to microhabitat conditions. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14551 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14551 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14551/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14551/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14548 2017-06-28 jor

The genus Ectadia (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Phaneropterinae) in East Asia: description of a new species, comparison of its complex song and duetting behavior with that of E. fulva and notes on the biology of E. fulva Heller,Klaus-Gerhard Ingrisch,Sigfrid Warchalowska-Sliwa,Elzbieta Liu,Chunxiang calling song stridulatory file male-female-duet carrier frequency Yunnan Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 39-51 The genus Ectadia is an East Asian genus of the tribe Elimaeini (Phaneropterinae) and is known for the complex stridulatory files of its members. The calling song was so far known from only one species, the relatively widespread Ectadia fulva. Here a new species from Yunnan, China, is described, which is morphologically similar to E. fulva except for the stridulatory file. In this character E. fulva deviates strongly from the new species and from all other Ectadia species by its high tooth number. The long lasting song (duration 30 to 60 seconds at 25°C) of the new species is very complex and differs widely from the much shorter song of E. fulva. Its spectral composition changes during stridulation. In the new species the females respond acoustically during gaps in the final part of the male song, whereas in E. fulva they answer typically after the male song. During mating Ectadia fulva males transfer small spermatophores without spermatophylax. All of its six nymphal stages are cryptically colored. In karyotype the new species being the first studied Ectadia species is similar to the related genera Elimaea and Ducetia (all 2n=29 chromosomes in the male). info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14548 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14548 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14548/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14548/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14552 2017-06-28 jor

Adapting the Dragonfly Biotic Index to a katydid (Tettigoniidae) rapid assessment technique: case study of a biodiversity hotspot, the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa Thompson,Aileen C. Bazelet,Corinna S. Naskrecki,Piotr Samways,Michael conservation IUCN Red-List life history species traits ecosystem threat Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 63-71 Global biodiversity faces many challenges, with the conservation of invertebrates among these. South Africa is megadiverse and has three global biodiversity hotspots. The country also employs two invertebrate-based rapid assessment techniques to evaluate habitat quality of freshwater ecosystems. While grasshoppers (Acrididae) are known indicators of terrestrial habitats, katydids (Tettigoniidae) could be as well. Here, we adapt a South African freshwater invertebrate-based rapid assessment method, the Dragonfly Biotic Index (DBI), for the terrestrial katydid assemblage, and propose a new assessment approach using katydids: the Katydid Biotic Index (KBI). KBI assigns each katydid species a score based on a combination of: 1) IUCN Red List status, 2) geographic distribution, and 3) life history traits (which consist of mobility and trophic level). This means that the rarer, more localized, specialized and threatened katydid species receive the highest score, and the common, geographically widespread and Least Concern species the lowest. As a case study, we calculated KBI across one of South Africa’s global biodiversity hotspots, the Cape Floristic Region (CFR). We then correlated KBI/Site scores of individual ecosystems with their ecosystem threat scores. The CFR’s katydid assemblage did not differ significantly from that of the overall South African katydid assemblage in terms of its species traits, threat statuses, or distribution among tettigoniid subfamilies. Likewise, KBI/Site scores did not differ significantly among ecosystem threat statuses. This may be explained by the coarse spatial scale of this study or by the lack of specialization of the CFR katydid assemblage. Nevertheless, the KBI holds promise as it is a relatively simple and non-invasive technique for taking invertebrate species composition into account in an assessment of habitat quality. In regions where katydid assemblages are well-known, acoustic surveys and KBI may provide an efficient means for assessing habitats. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14552 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14552 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14552/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14552/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14569 2017-06-28 jor

Same-sex sexual behavior in Xenogryllus marmoratus (Haan, 1844) (Grylloidea: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae): Observation in the wild from YouTube Olivero,Paola Robillard,Tony male-male sexual interactions reproductive strategies sexual selection Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 1-5 Searching on the internet for supplementary information about species of interest can be helpful when trying to document a quite common but under studied species. While revising the genus Xenogryllus Bolívar, 1890, we used this method to find additional references about the species Xenogryllus marmoratus (Haan, 1844). We were extremely interested in one video showing an interaction between two males of this species. The video shows a small male of X. marmoratus mounting a larger male of the same species, and eating the product of the metanotal glands. Meanwhile, the larger male tries to transfer his spermatophore to the small one. Same-sex matings have been described in other insect species and are frequently observed in many animal groups. Most of the reported cases of same-sex sexual behavior documented in other species of insects are consistent with two causes: mistakes in sexual recognition and lack of experience. However, there are several hypotheses to explain same-sex sexual behavior that vary according to the context in which the behavior occurs. Here, we describe and discuss this video content in terms of reproductive strategies, in a context of evolution and sexual selection. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14569 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14569 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14569/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14569/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.14542 2017-06-28 jor

Grasshopper species composition shifts following a severe rangeland grasshopper outbreak Branson,David H. Phoetaliotes Melanoplinae rangeland Acrididae prairie prairie Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(1): 7-10 Little is known about how grasshopper species abundances shift during and following severe outbreaks, as sampling efforts usually end when outbreaks subside. Grasshopper densities, species composition and vegetation have infrequently been sampled during and after a severe outbreak in the western U.S., which is needed to better understand the cause of outbreaks and population declines. In this study, grasshopper densities, species composition and vegetation were monitored at a northern mixed rangeland site from 1999 to 2003 where densities reached 130 per m2 during a severe outbreak. Phoetaliotes nebrascensis (Acrididae: Melanoplinae) comprised 79% of the outbreak in 2000, but declined to 3% by 2003. The dramatic shifts in proportional and actual abundance of P. nebrascensis over a 5 year period illustrate that species dominance can change rapidly, even for a highly dominant outbreak species. The difficulty of fully understanding factors causing shifts in grasshopper populations is illustrated by population declines in all species observed in 2002 and 2003. The data can help predict the intensity and decline of outbreaks and points to the critical importance of long term simultaneous monitoring of grasshopper densities, species composition and vegetation for outbreak prediction. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.14542 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.14542 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14542/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14542/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.20180 2017-10-13 jor

Description of the female, egg and first instar nymph of the stick insect Paraphasma paulense (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae) from Southeast Brazil Chiquetto-Machado,Pedro Ivo Albertoni,Fabiano Atlantic Forest biology morphology neotropical Stratocleinae Stratocleini Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 91-101 The stick insect Paraphasma paulense was described based on one male from the vicinity of São Paulo city, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Here we describe and illustrate the female, egg and first instar nymph of the species, including scanning electron micrographs of the egg. In addition, we give brief behavioural reports and present a few comments on the biology and morphology of P. paulense. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.20180 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20180 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20180/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20180/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.20012 2017-10-13 jor

Phase-dependent morphometric traits of the albino strain of Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Pener,Meir Paul albino strain crowded locusts Desert locust E/F ratio F/C ratio isolated locusts normal strain number of eye stripes Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 81-84 Sugahara et al. (2017) reported that unlike the wild type, the albino strain of Schistocerca gregaria does not show phase-dependent shift in the morphometric ratio of F/C (= length of the hind femur/maximum width of the head [caput]). In contrast, my old, unpublished, observations clearly demonstrate that S. gregaria albinos exhibited considerable phase-dependent shift in the morphometric ratios F/C and E/F (= length of the fore-wing [elytron] divided by length of the hind femur). Considering the report of Sugahara et al. (2017), I decided to publish my old results. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.20012 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20012 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20012/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20012/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.20107 2017-10-13 jor

Review of the genus Lunidia Hemp (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae) and the description of a new species from the Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania, East Africa Hemp,Claudia Eastern Arc Mountains Ensifera speciation taxonomy taxonomic key Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 85-89 The genus Lunidia Hemp is reviewed and more data on its distribution and habitat provided. A new species, Lunidia bicercata sp. n., from the Uluguru Mountains, is newly described. A key to males of Lunidia is provided. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.20107 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20107 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20107/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20107/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.20935 2017-11-22 jor

Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony Tanaka,Seiji egg mass embryo-embryo communication locust Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 103-115 The mechanism for controlling hatching from egg masses has received little attention in insects. In this study, both the pattern of hatching and factors influencing hatching were examined for the egg mass of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, under continuous illumination at 30°C. The eggs hatched simultaneously from the egg pods with a mean hatching period of 2.4 h. When the eggs were kept in different-sized masses, they tended to hatch earlier and across a shorter period as the mass size increased. However, the eggs in each mass hatched in synchrony, irrespective of the mass size. The eggs separated from the pods, and kept singly in moist sand, hatched later and across a longer period than those kept in the pods. Egg separation performed at various times revealed that hatching time and synchrony were determined on the day prior to hatching. The same conclusion was drawn when the eggs separated on day 10 were grouped as either egg masses or pairs at various times before hatching. Two eggs from different pods, incubated in physical contact with each other, hatched in synchrony if they were similar ages. In this case, the hatching was advanced or delayed depending on whether eggs were paired with older or younger counterparts. These results suggest that the L. migratoria eggs adjust the timing of hatching based on the information obtained from neighboring eggs, although the actual stimuli involved remain unknown. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.20935 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20935/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20935/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.20119 2017-11-24 jor

Management of locusts and grasshoppers in China Zhang,Long Hunter,David biological control habitat modification history information platform Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 155-159 Locusts and grasshoppers are major economic pests in China and are controlled by a strategy of preventive management where about 1.5 million ha are treated each year. The preventive management system aims to keep locusts and grasshoppers at lower densities, so that the dense swarms seen in the past are no longer common and crop and pasture damage minimized. There is substantial cultural control, including conservation of natural enemies and reducing the area of favorable habitats through habitat modification. Even with substantial cultural control, locust and grasshopper infestations are still widespread, with 127 field stations having more than 2000 technicians involved in monitoring and control. These officers monitor and treat locust and grasshopper infestations and the data collected are integrated into a national computer-based platform. These data are analyzed and news bulletins are issued on where and when the densest infestations are likely to be so that extra resources can be provided when needed as part of coordinating an effective locust and grasshopper management program. In the past, treatments were by chemical pesticides, but in recent years there has been an increasing use of bio pesticides: namely, the naturally occurring fungus Metarhizium acridum and the microsporidian Paranosema locustae. While such products were used in only 5% of treatments during 2004, their use has increased to over 30% in recent years, which amounts to over 100,000 ha per year sprayed. These applications of bio pesticides against locusts and grasshoppers are more than all of the rest of the world combined. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.20119 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20119 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20119/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/20119/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.15021 2017-11-24 jor

Overlooked flower-visiting Orthoptera in Southeast Asia Tan,Ming Kai Artchwakom,Taksin Abdul Wahab,Rodzay Lee,Chow-Yang Belabut,Daicus M. Wah Tan,Hugh Tiang florivory insect-plant interaction natural history pollination Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 143-153 The study of insect–plant interactions such as flower visitors, pollinators, and florivores, are important for understanding the natural world. However, not all flower-visiting insects are equally well known, especially in the biodiverse Southeast Asian region. One group is the orthopterans, comprising of grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids. Natural history observations were made around Southeast Asia to document flower-visiting orthopterans. Owing to the limited studies on the ecology of orthopterans in Southeast Asia, we provide here the first documentation of flower-visiting orthopterans from Southeast Asia and the most extensive one for the Tropics. Based on 140 incidences of orthopteran visiting flowers, 41 orthopteran species have so far been recorded to visit 35 different plant species, in mainly Singapore, Malaysia, part of Thailand, and Brunei Darussalam. We conclude that orthopterans are indeed overlooked flower-visitors in this region and warrant further investigation. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.15021 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.15021 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15021/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15021/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.19863 2017-11-24 jor

Diversity of mantids (Dictyoptera: Mantodea) of Sangha-Mbaere Region, Central African Republic, with some ecological data and DNA barcoding Moulin,Nicolas Decaëns,Thibaud Annoyer,Philippe Congo Basin DNA barcoding ecology Praying Mantis sampling methods species richness tropical rainforest Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 117-141 This study aims at assessing mantid diversity and community structure in a part of the territory of the Sangha Tri-National UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Central African Republic (CAR), including the special forest reserve of Dzanga-Sangha, the Dzanga-Ndoki National Park. The study area is located in the biome of the dense tropical rainforest of the Congo Basin, the second largest area of tropical forest behind the Amazon basin, and one of the last regions on earth where pristine forest ecosystems persist. Between 1984 and 2012, eight collecting campaigns were conducted by P. Annoyer, M. Loubes and S. Danflous, with the aim of documenting invertebrate diversity in this remote and poorly studied area. Mantids were collected in different habitats and microhabitats using four harvesting techniques: visual hunting (threshing, mowing), active search in the trees, autonomous UV collecting (Remote Canopy Trap) and classical light trapping with mercury light. Community patterns were assessed using rarefaction curves and diversity estimators (ACE). Specimens (n = 25) were also found at the National Museum of Natural History (MNHN) of Paris. Seventy-one species of Mantodea are recorded from Sangha-Mbaere Region in the CAR from 1232 specimens. This is the first synthesis published about Mantodea in CAR. Some new species are present in the genera Cataspilota, Galepsus and Chlidonoptera. Taxonomic revisions of these genera are in progress. Some genera need global revision like Plistospilota, Miomantis, Entella, and Galepsus. This type of work is the first on the mantids in Central Africa since the various inventories carried out in the sixties and seventies, which were mainly based on lists of species. The contribution of data on ecology and biogeography is a novelty. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.19863 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19863 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19863/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19863/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.19995 2017-12-04 jor

Redescription and diagnosis of the African genus Gemeneta Karsch, 1892 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae) Oumarou Ngoute,Charly Sevilor,Kekeunou Caelifera Cameroon forest genitalia male description taxonomy Uganda Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 161-170 The subfamily Catantopinae is a poorly defined subfamily of the Acrididae, having many genera that require taxonomic clarification. The genus Gemeneta from this subfamily is found in African forests and has only two described species, Gemeneta terrea and Gemeneta opilionoides. However, the original descriptions of the genus relied heavily on external female morphology, and a description of male G. opilionoides was completely lacking. The present work provides the first description of the male of G. opilionoides, a morphological description of both species, including internal genitalia, and clarifies the generic diagnosis. This study is a contribution to a better understanding of the taxonomy of Catantopinae in the tropical forests of Africa. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.19995 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19995 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19995/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19995/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.21712 2017-12-06 jor

Population expansion by Cook Strait giant wētā, Deinacrida rugosa (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae), following translocation to Matiu/Somes Island, New Zealand, and subsequent changes in abundance Watts,Corinne Thornburrow,Danny Stringer,Ian Cave,Vanessa conservation footprint tracking tunnels gecko skink threatened species Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 171-180 Wētā, large wingless anostostomatid orthopterans, have been the most frequently translocated insects in New Zealand. Until recently, such translocations were only monitored intermittently to confirm presence. We investigate the spread of Cook Strait giant wētā (Deinacrida rugosa Buller, 1871) after its release on Matiu/Somes Island, Wellington, New Zealand, in 1996. Adult wētā were surveyed from 2008 to 2016 using footprint tracking tunnels and/or searching with spotlights at night. The population underwent a reversal in distributional abundance after 2008. In 2008, they were abundant in the north and rare in the south but by 2013 and 2015 they were relatively less abundant in the north and common in the south. Why they diminished in the north remains unknown but possible causes are predation on juvenile wētā by nocturnal geckos (detected in the north and east but not in the south), by some habitat change (mostly reduction of some lawn), or by a combination of these together with removal of wētā from the north for translocation elsewhere. Further research is required to confirm which of these factors affect wētā abundance, if there are other causes, and if any further change in distributional abundance occurs. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.21712 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21712 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21712/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21712/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.15291 2017-12-06 jor

Contribution to the knowledge of Oriental Phasmatodea II: A taxonomic study of the genus Paragongylopus (Phasmatodea: Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini) Wai Chun George,Ho China new taxa stick insects Thailand Vietnam Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 195-203 This study provides a taxonomic review of Paragongylopus Chen & He, 1997 with descriptions of one new subgenus, four new species and one new subspecies. They are namely Paragongylopus (Paragongylopus) chenisp. n., P. (Paragongylopus) sinensis pingbianensissubsp. n., P. (Planoparagongylopus) liisubgen. n. and sp. n., P. (Planoparagongylopus) abramovisp. n., and P. (Planoparagongylopus) nabanheensissp. n. The occurrence of P. (Paragongylopus) plaumanni Zompro, 2000 in China is reconfirmed. Paragongylopus is firstly recognized in Vietnam. Keys to the species of both subgenera and checklists of known species are also provided. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.15291 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.15291 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15291/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15291/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.15289 2017-12-06 jor

Contribution to the knowledge of Oriental Phasmatodea I: A taxonomic study of the genus Parasinophasma (Phasmatodea: Necrosciinae) Wai Chun George,Ho China new nomenclature new taxa stick insects Vietnam Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 181-194 This paper provides a taxonomic study for the phasmid genus Parasinophasma Chen & He, 2008; reports for the first time Parasinophasma from Hong Kong, China and Vietnam; describes six new species and two new subspecies: P. bresseeli sp. n., P. constanti sp. n., P. laifanae sp. n., P. liui sp. n., P. luchunense luchunense sp. n. and subsp. n., P. luchunense xingyuei subsp. n. and P. sparsigranulatum sp. n.; proposes one new combination: Parasinophasma bouvieri (Redtenbacher, 1908) comb. n. transferred from Orthonecroscia Kirby, 1904; and gives a checklist of known species and a revised key to species. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.15289 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.15289 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15289/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15289/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.21469 2017-12-11 jor

Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species Massa,Bruno distribution evolutionary radiation stridulatory file taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 211-232 Only five species of the genus Tetraconcha Karsch, 1890 have been previously known; they inhabit tropical forests of central and western Africa. Generally, specimens belonging to this genus are scarcely represented in museum collections, probably due to the difficulty in finding them, but also for the fragility of their body and legs. During some recent expeditions in the Central African Republic and Ivory Coast it was possible to put together an abundant amount of specimens. This allowed the present author to revise the genus and to find valid characters to distinguish different species. On the whole, ten new species were discovered and the total number now amounts to fifteen species. Interestingly, in the Dzanga-N’Doki National Park (Central African Republic) seven sister species, previously unknown, live together with T. smaragdina; it was possible to separate them by the shape and number of teeth of the stridulatory file under the left tegmen, and later other taxonomical characters were provided. This may be considered a case of evolutionary radiation; that is, Tetraconcha species in the Dzanga-N’Doki National Park evolved traits that primarily linked to sound communication. This radiation very probably occurred randomly, possibly driven by genetic drift. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.21469 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21469/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21469/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.26.19891 2017-12-11 jor

Listening to male song induces female field crickets to differentially allocate reproductive resources Ting,Janice Judge,Kevin Gwynne,Darryl differential allocation Gryllus pennsylvanicus mate choice maternal effects reproductive compensation sexual selection Journal of Orthoptera Research 26(2): 205-210 Differential investment in offspring by mothers is predicted when there is substantial variation in sire quality. Whether females invest more resources in the offspring of high-quality mates (differential allocation, DA) or in the offspring of low-quality mates (reproductive compensation, RC) is not consistent in the literature and both effects can be predicted by theoretical models. In the field cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burmeister, 1838 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae), females are attracted more to calling songs of high-quality males than to those of low-quality males. We tested whether females invest reproductive resources differentially based on perceived mate quality. We manipulated female perception of male quality by allowing virgin females to approach a speaker broadcasting either high- or low-quality calling song (high or low calling effort respectively), and then mated them with a randomly chosen male that had been rendered incapable of calling. In the week following mating, females exposed to high-quality calling song gained less weight, laid more embryos, and laid larger embryos than females exposed to low-quality calling song, although only the first of these effects was statistically significant. These results support the DA hypothesis and suggest that females invest their reproductive output based on a trait (calling effort) that is an honest indicator of male quality. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2017 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.26.19891 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19891 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19891/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19891/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.26327 2018-06-12 jor

Grazing and Orthoptera: a review Gardiner,Tim conservation ecosystem grassland habitat management Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 3-11 Orthoptera are an important biological component of grasslands as a crucial link in the food chain. Grazing, either by wild animals or livestock for human food production, exerts considerable influence on the Orthoptera of grasslands. For example, grazing prevents succession of open grasslands to scrub and forest, creates heterogeneity in sward height, and provides patches of bare earth through the action of livestock hooves breaking the vegetative cover. Grazing may also interact with other forms of grassland management such as burning to produce quite complex interactions which vary greatly between regions and Orthoptera species. Threats to grassland Orthoptera include overgrazing; conversely, abandonment of grazing can lead to the loss of open habitats vital to many species. It is important to have ungrazed areas to provide refuges for species negatively affected by grazing. Rotational management – moving domestic livestock between different pastures – will also allow a range of sward structures to develop over a landscape. The over-arching principle for grazing management should be to establish a heterogeneous sward with a range of sward heights and bare earth for oviposition/basking. In more extensive systems, patches of scrub can form habitat of woody vegetation for species such as bush crickets. The greatest diversity of habitats should provide the highest species richness. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.26327 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.26327 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/26327/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/26327/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.15123 2018-06-12 jor

The lesser mottled grasshopper, Stenobothrus stigmaticus: lessons from habitat management at its only site in the British Isles Selman,Richard Cherrill,Andrew dogs golf course grazing heathland Isle of Man mowing protected area recreation pressure sheep worrying Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 83-89 The lesser mottled grasshopper, Stenobothrus stigmaticus, occurs at a single site in the British Isles. This paper describes the history of site protection and management over 30 years including the introduction of conservation grazing management. Successes have been limited, but this has been due largely to issues around recreational access and stakeholder engagement rather than lack of ecological understanding. Despite severe challenges, sufficient experience has been gained to be confident that grazing by sheep can assist in re-establishing the grasshopper over areas of a protected site from which it is now absent or present in only scattered colonies. The grasshopper requires a short, open grassland and pockets of such vegetation occur naturally because of rabbit-grazing and thin, nutrient poor, free-draining soils around rocky outcrops. These small areas have proved to be critical to the species persistence and provide a nucleus from which spread can occur. Grazing management has involved complex negotiations with multiple stakeholders, including landowners, their agents, the landowners’ tenants, and the tenants’ graziers. Public access, cases of dogs worrying grazing livestock, and objections over the introduction of fencing in a once open landscape have made negotiations more difficult. Future success requires that these issues be addressed. Observations on a golf course within the site, with a remnant population of the grasshopper, suggest that winter-cutting of grassland may be a useful supplement to grazing management while such difficulties remain. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.15123 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15123 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15123/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15123/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.27213 2018-06-12 jor

Orthoptera response to grazing: an introduction to the special issue Bazelet,Corinna S. Gardiner,Tim Orthoptera Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 1-2 Orthoptera response to grazing: an introduction to the special issue info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Editorial text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.27213 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.27213 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/27213/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/27213/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.25183 2018-06-12 jor

The response of Orthoptera to grazing on flood defense embankments in Europe Fargeaud,Kimberley Gardiner,Tim biodiversity bush-cricket coast conservation dike engineering fluvial grasshopper sea wall Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 53-60 European flood defense embankments form an excellent habitat for Orthoptera. To be effective against storms, these vegetated earth embankments have to be managed by grazing or mowing. However, grazing can impact invertebrates such as grasshoppers and crickets (Orthoptera). This management can lead to dispersal toward undisturbed grassland and reductions in the quality of habitat, food resources and oviposition sites. In most cases, orthopteran insects require heterogeneous vegetation patches with swards of varying height. The impact of grazing depends on the type of livestock; it is very important to choose appropriate animals, timing and intensity. Sheep grazing in late summer (September-October) at a moderate intensity seems to be favorable for Orthoptera. If grazing is carefully monitored, it can promote Orthoptera conservation while maintaining flood defense integrity. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.25183 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.25183 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/25183/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/25183/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.15036 2018-06-12 jor

Fine-scale interactions between habitat quality and genetic variation suggest an impact of grazing on the critically endangered Crau Plain grasshopper (Pamphagidae: Prionotropis rhodanica) Piry,Sylvain Berthier,Karine Streiff,Réjane Cros-Arteil,Sandrine Foucart,Antoine Tatin,Laurent Bröder,Linda Hochkirch,Axel Chapuis,Marie-Pierre conservation grazing landscape genetics MAPI NDVI Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 61-73 The Crau Plain grasshopper, Prionotropis rhodanica Uvarov, 1923 (Orthoptera: Pamphagidae: Thrinchinae), is a rare grasshopper species endemic to the Crau Plain, a steppic habitat in France with unique floristic and faunistic communities. During recent decades, the area covered by these steppic grasslands has been highly reduced and fragmented due to the development of irrigation-based agriculture, roads, as well as industrial and military complexes. The restricted distribution, low population density and poor dispersal ability of P. rhodanica, combined with the destruction of its habitat, has led to the classification of this species as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Decreases in habitat quality due to intensive grazing in the remnant grassland patches constitute an additional threat for P. rhodanica that can impact population dynamics at a relatively small-scale. In this work, we focused on a small area of about 3 km2 occupied by one of the largest subpopulations observed in 2000–2001. We conducted a single-time snapshot intensive survey of grasshopper density and genetic variation at 11 microsatellite markers. We used a recent method, MAPI, to visualize the spatial genetic structure as a continuous surface and to determine, with the simultaneous use of spatial cross-correlograms, whether the normalized difference vegetation index, which informs on the balance between vegetation productivity and grazing intensity, can explain grasshopper population structure at such a fine scale. We found that both population density and gene flow were strongly and positively correlated to habitat quality (higher productivity of grasslands and/or lower sheep grazing). The spatial scales of interaction between these variables were estimated to be highly similar, in the range of 812–880 meters. This result suggests that P. rhodanica is very sensitive to the quality of the grasslands it inhabits. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.15036 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15036 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15036/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15036/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.15027 2018-06-12 jor

Is cattle grazing more important than landscape heterogeneity for grasshoppers in Afromontane grassland? Joubert-van der Merwe,Lize Pryke,James S. assemblage composition burning regime elevation Grasshopper Conservation Index (GCI) grazing intensity indicators landscape heterogeneity plants Shannon diversity (H') species richness topographic position vegetation structure Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 13-21 Overgrazing is a major driver of habitat degradation, especially in southern Africa. Although grasshoppers are adapted to and benefit from natural disturbances, such as grazing by indigenous game and burning, we do not know how they respond to heavy cattle grazing, and how this response interacts with different fire regimes. We also do not know whether grasshoppers respond principally to these disturbances, to changes in the vegetation layer, or to larger landscape attributes (e.g. elevation). We addressed these questions in the topographically heterogeneous Central Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. We compared grasshopper assemblages among sites differing in grazing intensity (light, moderate and heavy), fire regime, rocky outcrops and vegetation structure, and attributes of landscape heterogeneity. The local environment (rocky outcrops, bare ground cover, grass height and total vegetation cover) was more important than landscape attributes for all measures of diversity. Grasshopper species richness was best explained by grazing intensity, with the specific response determined by fire regime. Greatest species richness was consistently recorded in heavily-grazed grassland. Thus, we found no evidence in support of the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis. Grasshopper assemblage composition of areas with light grazing was different from those with heavy grazing, but areas with light grazing were similar to those with moderate grazing under all fire regimes. Different suites of grasshopper species were adapted to changes in the local environment, with greatest diversity (Shannon H’) associated with elevated levels of bare ground and sparse vegetation cover. The greatest proportion of rare, endemic and sensitive grasshoppers (incl. Lentula minuta, Machaeridia conspersa and Qachasia fastigiata) was associated with a greater proportion of vegetation cover. The sensitivity of grasshopper assemblages to fire-grazing interactions, and the habitat requirements of different suites of species necessitates consideration of different types (fire and grazing) as well as levels of disturbances when adjusting management practices. We recommend that conservation of rare, endemic and sensitive grasshoppers should be prioritized, as these are most vulnerable to local extirpation. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.15027 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15027 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15027/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15027/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.15033 2018-06-12 jor

Effects of grazing on orthopteran assemblages of Central-European sand grasslands Kenyeres,Zoltan density diversity Hungary land use intensity sheep vegetation structure Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 23-33 The effect of grazing on Orthoptera assemblages has long been the focus of research worldwide due to the high sensitivity of orthopterans to changes in vegetation structure. According to previous studies, grazing has individual, spatially-different effects on orthopteran assemblages. The current case study was carried out between 2012 and 2016 in a subarea dominated by open sandy grasslands in the Carpathian Basin. The ~70 ha study area was grazed by 250–300 sheep in 2012. In the beginning of 2014, the overgrazing pressure was overall reduced, for the most part, in the examined grassland patches. The study aimed to answer how the complete abandonment of grazing and moderate grazing influences the species richness, diversity and density of the orthopteran assemblages. Investigations in Central European sand steppes confirmed that both intense grazing and the abandonment of grazing have a detrimental effect on the structure of orthopteran assemblages: (a) the Shannon diversity index was higher on moderately grazed sites than on grazed and ungrazed ones; (b) the number of habitat specialists of sandy grasslands was higher on moderately grazed patches than in grazed habitats; and (c) the frequency of geophilic species was higher on grazed patches than on moderately grazed and grazing-abandoned ones. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.15033 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.15033 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15033/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/15033/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.21064 2018-06-12 jor

Influence of grazing on populations of the specialist grasshopper Mioscirtus wagneri inhabiting hypersaline habitats in La Mancha Region, Central Spain Aguirre,María Pilar Ortego,Joaquin Cordero,Pedro J. Castilla-La Mancha conservation grazing management inland hypersaline ecosystems livestock droppings Suaeda vera Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 75-81 Grazing is an influential land use that has introduced profound changes in worldwide landscapes, ecosystems and their species. In this paper, we analysed the influence of grazing on the presence and abundance of the endangered Mioscirtus wagneri, a monophagous grasshopper inhabiting inland hypersaline ecosystems in Spain and showing a marked spatial and genetic fragmentation. Using count transects, we analyzed the presence and abundance of this grasshopper in relation to specific vegetation cover and the abundance of goat and sheep droppings, considering this variable as a surrogate of livestock activity and grazing impact. We found that both the presence and abundance of M. wagneri were positively related to the cover of its host plant Suaeda vera and negatively associated with the abundance of droppings. We conclude that dropping abundance is a useful parameter to assess livestock impact and evaluate habitat quality and the conservation status of M. wagneri and many other singular species of macroinvertebrates inhabiting inland hypersaline ecosystems. We highly recommend the use of electric shepherd fencing around all sensitive and protected areas where inland hypersaline ecosystems are present in order to deter livestock. We also suggest intensive educational campaigns for farmers and shepherds, revealing the ecological importance of these singular and unique habitats for rare and exclusive species like M. wagneri and many other coexisting plants and invertebrates. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.21064 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.21064 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21064/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21064/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.19945 2018-06-12 jor

The effects of livestock grazing and climate variation on vegetation and grasshopper communities in the northern Chihuahuan Desert Lightfoot,David Acrididae desertification ecological disturbance guilds life-forms Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 35-51 Grasshoppers are important herbivores of North American semi-arid grasslands and shrublands, and vegetation and climate are key factors controlling their species compositions and population dynamics. Domestic livestock grazing is a historic and a current landscape-scale ecological perturbation that has caused reductions of perennial grasses and increases in woody shrubs and weedy annual herbs in desert grassland communities. Climate variation also affects vegetation and grasshopper production, and the combined effects of livestock grazing and climate variation on vegetation and grasshoppers have not been adequately studied in the American Southwest. I measured vegetation and grasshoppers for five years at a series of five semi-arid sites in the northern Chihuahuan Desert to evaluate the interactive effects of short-term livestock grazing and climate variation on plant and grasshopper community structure and species abundances. The study sites ranged from shrub dominated to grass dominated landscapes, with livestock fence lines separating land that was grazed at 30% annual forage utilization, and lands on the other sides of the fences excluded from grazing for at least 20 years. I assigned grasshopper species to life-form guilds based on their ecomorphologies and their microhabitat substrate uses that I observed. A wet spring/dry summer El Niño event occurred at the beginning of the study, and a dry spring/wet summer La Niña event occurred at the end of the study. Livestock grazing changed plant and grasshopper species compositions and abundances significantly during those wet years, further favoring annual forbs, annual grasses and non-graminicole grasshoppers on grazed lands during wet years, while favoring perennial grasses and graminicoles on non-grazed lands also during wet years. The biotic communities at all sites probably supported more perennial grasses and more graminicoles prior to European settlement and livestock grazing that began over a century before this study. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.19945 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.19945 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19945/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/19945/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.23835 2018-06-12 jor

The effects of grazing and mowing on large marsh grasshopper, Stethophyma grossum (Orthoptera: Acrididae), populations in Western Europe: a review Miller,Jacqui Gardiner,Tim adults biodiversity conservation bog eggs grassland management mire nymphs vegetation structure wetland Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(1): 91-96 The large marsh grasshopper, Stethophyma grossum L. (Orthoptera: Acrididae), has undergone a significant range contraction in the UK and is now restricted to the bogs and mires of the New Forest and Dorset Heaths. In other parts of Western Europe, the species makes use of a wider range of wetland habitat types. Traditionally, many of these habitats would be managed through low intensity grazing, mowing, or both, and these measures are now often employed in the conservation management of wet grassland habitats. This paper reviews the effects of mowing and grazing on S. grossum populations, through looking at the potential impacts (both positive and negative) on different life stages of the grasshopper. Both techniques are valuable in the maintenance of an open and varied vegetation structure which is known to benefit S. grossum in all its life stages. However, grazing on very wet sites or at high intensity can result in trampling of vegetation and S. grossum eggs, and mowing which is too frequent may negatively affect populations through repeated losses of nymphs. Recommendations are given regarding the suitability of mowing and grazing for different habitats and intensity of management to generate the required vegetation structure. Measures are also outlined, such as the provision of unmown or ungrazed refuge areas, which can help reduce negative effects. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.23835 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.23835 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23835/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23835/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.23441 2018-06-29 jor

Revision of Aresceutica (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae) with comments on related genera Rowell,Hugh Jago,N.D. Hemp,Claudia East Africa grasshopper taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 107-118 The East African forest genus Aresceutica Karsch is revised; there are now four valid species, including A. nguruensis, sp. n. from south eastern Tanzania. Aresceutica is extremely similar to the West African genus Serpusia; it differs only in the form of the prosternal tubercle and the detail of the phallic morphology. Two new combinations are proposed: Ptemoblax lemarineli Bolívar, 1911 = Aresceutica lemarineli (Bolívar, 1911), comb. n. and Aresceutica vansomereni Kevan, 1956 = Duviardia vansomereni (Kevan, 1956), comb. n. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.23441 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.23441 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23441/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23441/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.24152 2018-06-29 jor

Preliminary study on the diversity of Orthoptera from Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Tan,Ming Kai Abdul Wahab,Rodzay checklist diversity natural history Southeast Asia species richness taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 119-142 The Orthoptera, comprising grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, is diverse and species rich in tropical Southeast Asia, including the island of Borneo. However, not every part of Southeast Asia is equally well sampled and studied. This includes Brunei Darussalam, specifically at the Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre (KBFSC) within the Ulu Temburong National Park. We present here an annotated and illustrated checklist of Orthoptera from the primary dipterocarp forest around Kuala Belalong based on three field trips in 2016 and 2017. We provide notes on their taxonomy (including how each species was identified) and natural history of species. In total, 72 species were recorded, representing eight of the 16 monophyletic orthopteran superfamilies. In total, 73.6% of all species recorded were singletons and doubletons, indicating that many species are probably rare. The collection led to the discovery of ten species new to science already published separately, with more expected to be described from pending material and confirmation. More species, including undescribed ones (at least four new species), are expected with continued sampling effort. Despite the 21 day-long surveying efforts from three trips around KBFSC, we believe that the species list provided here is non-exhaustive and only a preliminary one. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Checklist text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.24152 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/24152/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/24152/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.14963 2018-06-29 jor

Viability and fertility of hybrid New Zealand tree wētā Hemideina spp. (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae) Mckean,Natasha E. Trewick,Steven A. Griffin,Melissa J. Dowle,Edwina J. Morgan-Richards,Mary Haldane’s rule Hybridization introgression sexual exclusion Wolbachia Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 97-106 Natural hybridization between species provides an opportunity to study the mechanisms that maintain independent lineages and may help us understand the process of speciation. The New Zealand tree wētā species Hemideina thoracica produces F1 hybrids where it lives in sympatry with two closely related species: Hemideina crassidens and Hemideina trewicki. This study looked at the viability and fertility of F1 hybrid wētā between H. thoracica and H. crassidens that were collected from the wild and kept in captivity. The hybrids appeared to have normal viability from the late juvenile stage, with all male wētā maturing at a late instar. Male F1 hybrids displayed normal mating behavior and one male produced offspring in captivity. In contrast to Haldane’s rule, female F1 hybrids appeared to be infertile; they refused to mate and did not produce eggs. No evidence of Wolbachia infection was identified in any of the three North Island Hemideina species. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.14963 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.14963 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14963/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/14963/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.24243 2018-07-23 jor

Paraplangia sinespeculo, a new genus and species of bush-cricket, with notes on its biology and a key to the genera of Phaneropterinae (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Madagascar Heller,Klaus-Gerhard Hemp,Claudia Massa,Bruno Koci!ski,Maciej Warchalowska-Sliwa,Elzbieta Amblycoryphini bioacoustics chromosomes duetting Orophus Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 143-153 Madagascar is a well-known hotspot of biodiversity. However, many Orthoptera, and especially the Tettigonioidea, belong to little-studied groups. Here we describe a new genus and species of bush-cricket reared from field-collected eggs. Paraplangia sinespeculo gen. nov., sp. nov. belongs to Phaneropterinae and shares diagnostic characteristics with members of the tribe Amblycoryphini and its African subtribe Plangiina stat. nov. Paraplangia, which has a chromosome number of 31 X0, differs from other African members of the tribe and subtribe such as Eurycorypha and Plangia, which both have 29 X0. In addition to morphology, we describe the male calling song, female acoustic response, and mating behavior. As calling song, the male produces two series of short syllables. At the end of the second series the female responds with signals of similar duration and spectral composition as the male sounds (peak about 8-9 kHz). To make future identification easier, a key to all genera of Phaneropterinae found in Madagascar is presented. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.24243 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24243 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/24243/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/24243/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.28067 2018-09-20 jor

The fishing mantid: predation on fish as a new adaptive strategy for praying mantids (Insecta: Mantodea) Battiston,Roberto Puttaswamaiah,Rajesh NAYAK,MANJUNATH behavior evolution India learning vision Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 155-158 Observations in unmanipulated, semi-natural conditions were made of a single individual of the praying mantid Hierodula tenuidentata, while hunting and capturing an unusual prey for this kind of insect, guppy fish, Poecilia reticulata. This repetitive fishing behavior, recorded daily, is reported here for the first time and discussed in relation to the adaptive behavioral plasticity of praying mantids. We speculate regarding learning from experience as a hunting strategy. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.28067 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.28067 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28067/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28067/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.28385 2018-10-03 jor

Build it and they will come: grasshoppers check-in to a grassland bee hotel Gardiner,Tim Fargeaud,Kimberley Acrididae biodiversity bug hotel conservation urban Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 159-161 A five-floor bee hotel was constructed using wooden pallets in an area of urban grassland in Ipswich, United Kingdom. Within one month of construction, two grasshopper species were observed using the hotel, with nymphs in shaded, uncut grass at the base, while adults were observed on all five floors and the roof. On the fourth floor, a stridulating field grasshopper, Chorthippus brunneus, was sighted on two separate occasions. Further research is required to determine whether bee hotels may be an effective ‘shade’ refuge for grasshoppers in open grassland, while also providing an effective platform for stridulation. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.28385 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.28385 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28385/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28385/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.29067 2018-12-05 jor

Introduced Japanese burrowing cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Velarifictorus (Velarifictorus) micado) range continues to expand in North America Bowles,David citizen sciencecricketsgeographic distributioninvasive speciessinging insects Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 177-181 Japanese burrowing cricket, Velarifictorus (Velarifictorus) micado (Saussure, 1877), was introduced into the eastern United States in 1959 and has since increased its distributional range to include the eastern Great Plains and the northern United States. Although generally thought of as an urban species associated with human habitation, some specimens are now being captured in more remote areas, which is attributed to this species sometimes being macropterous and dispersing through flight. Public data sources such as BugGuide and iNaturalist were found to be sound, passive tools for identifying the expanding range of this species in the Americas. Collection and observation in atypical habitats suggest that potential ecological impacts may be occurring. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.29067 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.29067 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29067/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29067/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.28402 2018-12-05 jor

Microhabitat segregation among three co-existing species of grasshoppers on a rural meadow near Seoul, South Korea Jung,Yongjun Baek,Minjung Lee,Sang-im Jablonski,Piotr Acrida cinerea Atractomorpha lata ecology microhabitat Oedaleus infernalis Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 173-175 Microhabitat segregation among grasshopper species in Asia has not been well studied. We determined the differences in the use of substrates by three common North East Asian grasshopper species co-existing on a natural meadow near Seoul, South Korea. While many Oedaleus infernalis individuals were found on the ground, Acrida cinerea and Atractomorpha lata were usually observed on plants. Acrida cinerea was mostly observed on the grass Zoysia japonica (Poaceae) and Atractomorpha lata was mostly found on plants from the family Asteraceae. This is the first study to provide quantitative information about microhabitat differences among some common grasshoppers in rural habitats of continental North East Asia. Future studies should focus on determining the mechanisms that produce such ecological segregation. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.28402 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.28402 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28402/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28402/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.21203 2018-12-05 jor

Morphometric variation among males of Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) (Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) from different biomes in Brazil Santos da Silva,Ana Catia Nunes,Lorena de Lima Batista,Wanessa Lhano,Marcos geometric morphometrics hind femur Orthoptera population analysis pronotum shape size Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 163-171 The objective of the present study was to examine variation in the shape and size of pronotum, hind femur, and head in the males of Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) from three different Brazilian biomes: the Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest, and the Pantanal. A total of 150 specimens were analyzed from three populations. The results of MANOVA indicated significant differences (p<0.01) in the shape of the analyzed structures of O. punctata from the different biomes. The results of ANOVA demonstrated significant differences (p<0.05) in the size of all analyzed structures. Pearson’s correlation analyses among the different structures and the environmental variables revealed that the shape of pronotum, hind femur, and head (dorsal view), as well as the size of pronotum and head (dorsal and lateral views) varied with the geographic longitude, while the shape of hind femur and head (dorsal view) showed a significant negative correlation with size. Results indicated that the shape and size of the analyzed structures, in general, were influenced by the geographical variables. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.21203 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.21203 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21203/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/21203/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.25484 2018-12-10 jor

Conspecific mortality cues mediate associative learning in crickets, Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) Shephard,Alexander Aksenov,Vadim Rollo,C. David fatty acid habitat selection insect learning mortality risk necromone Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 187-192 Many terrestrial and aquatic animals learn associations between environmental features and chemical cues of mortality risk (e.g. conspecific alarm pheromones or predator-derived cues), but the chemical nature of the cues that mediate this type of learning are rarely considered. Fatty acid necromones (particularly oleic and linoleic acids) are well established as cues associated with dead or injured conspecifics. Necromones elicit risk aversive behavior across diverse arthropod phylogenies, yet they have not been linked to associative learning. Here, we provide evidence that necromones can mediate associative olfactory learning in an insect by acting as an aversive reinforcement. When house crickets (Acheta domesticus) were forced to inhabit an environment containing an initially attractive odor along with a necromone cue, they subsequently avoided the previously attractive odor and displayed tolerance for an initially unattractive odor. This occurred when crickets were conditioned with linoleic acid but not when they were conditioned with oleic acid. Similar aversive learning occurred when crickets were conditioned with ethanol body extracts composed of male and female corpses combined, as well as extracts composed of female corpses alone. Conditioning with male body extract did not elicit learned aversion in either sex, even though we detected no notable differences in fatty acid composition between male and female body extracts. We suggest that necromone-mediated learning responses might vary depending on synergistic or antagonistic interactions with sex or species-specific recognition cues. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.25484 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.25484 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/25484/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/25484/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.23700 2018-12-10 jor

Acoustic profiling of Orthoptera: present state and future needs Riede,Klaus acoustic monitoring data repositories Orthoptera Species File sound libraries standardization Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 203-215 Bioacoustic monitoring and classification of animal communication signals has developed into a powerful tool for measuring and monitoring species diversity within complex communities and habitats. The high number of stridulating species among Orthoptera allows their detection and classification in a non-invasive and economic way, particularly in habitats where visual observations are difficult or even impossible, such as tropical rainforests. Major sound archives were queried for Orthoptera songs, with special emphasis on usability as reference training libraries for computer algorithms. Orthoptera songs are highly stereotyped, reliable taxonomic features. However, exploitation of songs for acoustic profiling is limited by the small number of reference recordings: existing song libraries represent only about 1000 species, mainly from Europe and North America, covering less than 10% of extant stridulating Orthoptera species. Available databases are fragmented and lack tools for song annotation and efficient feature-based searching. Results from recent bioacoustic surveys illustrate the potential of the method, but also the challenges and bottlenecks impeding further progress. A major problem is time-consuming data analysis of recordings. Computer-aided identification software exists for classification and identification of cricket and grasshopper songs, but these tools are still far from practical for field application. A framework for acoustic profiling of Orthoptera should consist of the following components: (1) Protocols for standardized acoustic sampling, at species and community levels, using acoustic data loggers for autonomous long-term recordings; (2) Open access to and efficient management of song data and voucher specimens, involving the Orthoptera Species File (OSF) and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF); (3) An infrastructure for automatized analysis and song classification; and (4) Complementation and improvement of Orthoptera sound libraries using OSF as the taxonomic backbone and repository for representative song recordings. Taxonomists should be encouraged, or even obliged, to deposit original recordings, particularly if they form part of species descriptions or revisions. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.23700 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.23700 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23700/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/23700/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.29687 2018-12-10 jor

Ethology of the cricket Endecous (Endecous) chape Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2017 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) I: Agonistic and reproductive behavior Fianco,Marcos Souza Dias,Pedro GB Farias-Martins,Fernando Magro,Suzana Prasniewski,Victor Ricci,Jéssica Zefa,Edison Szinwelski,Neucir aggressiveness ethology Luzarinae mating behavior Parque Nacional do Iguaçu Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 193-201 The mating behaviors of crickets, especially those related to agonistic encounters and oviposition, are poorly known. For example, only 10 of the 1005 valid species of Phalangopsidae have been studied to some extent. Here, we describe the reproductive behavior of Endecous (Endecous) chape, characterizing the actions involved in agonistic encounters, mating behaviors (female attraction, pair-formation, courtship, mating, and post-copulatory behavior), and oviposition. We recorded and timed agonistic, mating, and oviposition behaviors in staged trials. The male-male interactions of E. chape ranged in aggressiveness from low intensity (only antennal interaction) to high intensity (reciprocal fights). In the mating behavior, males courted females through antennation of the females’ abdomen and cerci, followed by production of acoustic signals (with the exception of two males). Copulation occurred with females positioned above males (as is typical of Phalangopsidae), with an average elapsed time of 684.13 s, which is shorter than in other Phalangopsidae. We observed oviposition behavior only when three gravid females were placed together in an arena. Here, we contribute new knowledge of phalangopsid cricket behavior and provide useful information for understanding the evolution of reproductive behaviors. New characters described here can be used in phylogenetic analysis and for future studies about sexual selection and natural history. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.29687 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.29687 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29687/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29687/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.27.29645 2018-12-10 jor

Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera: Ensifera) in southern Africa Scholtz,Clarke Bazelet,Corinna S. de Klerk,Hennie aptery diagnosis genera macroptery Stenopelmatoidea silk production taxonomic key Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 183-186 Although Gryllacrididae are a largely southern hemisphere insect family, they are relatively poorly represented in southern Africa, with three genera (Ametroides Karny, 1928, Glomeremus Karny, 1937, and Stictogryllacris Karny, 1937) and ten species and subspecies recorded from the region. All Ametroides and Glomeremus species are wingless while those of Stictogryllacris are long-winged. All species are arboreal and nocturnal, returning by day to characteristically silk-spun shelters between leaves. Here, we present a diagnosis, key to genera, and high-quality images to assist in identification of Gryllacrididae. By compiling all published information in one place, we hope to facilitate future researchers to investigate this poorly known group. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2018 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.27.29645 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.29645 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29645/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29645/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.30736 2019-02-13 jor

Yellow-winged digging grasshopper, Acrotylus longipes (Acrididae: Oedipodinae), confirmed in Croatia Papković,Dora Jelinčić,Antun Adriatic island geographic distribution Mljet new record Vulnerable Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 1-2 We present the first confirmed record of the threatened yellow-winged digging grasshopper, Acrotylus longipes (Acrididae: Oedipodinae), from Croatia, from the island of Mljet, in Blace Bay. The yellow-winged digging grasshopper was found on sandy dunes covered with psammophytic vegetation characteristic of this type of habitat. Previously, only two localities of this species were reported from Croatia, both from photographs. This confirmed locality opens the possibility of a wider distribution of this species on similar habitats throughout Croatia. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.30736 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.30736 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/30736/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/30736/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.30143 2019-04-11 jor

Anaxipha hyalicetra sp. n. (Gryllidae: Trigonidiinae), a new sword-tailed cricket species from Arizona Cole,Jeffrey Funk,David aggressive song calling song mate recognition Mexico Neotropical Sonora Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 3-9 A new Anaxipha species is described from a locality in southeastern Arizona adjacent to the border with Mexico. The species is unique among the North American fauna by virtue of the broad tegmina, distinctive male genitalia, and calling song phrased in an irregular chirp with a variable pulse train rate. The possibility that the behavioral repertoire of this species includes aggressive song as well as calling song is discussed. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.30143 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.30143 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/30143/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/30143/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.28888 2019-05-17 jor

Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) Ney,Gideon Schul,Johannes genetic differentiation methylation MSAP Neoconocephalus population genetics Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19 Epigenetic variation allows for rapid changes in phenotypes without alterations to nucleotide sequences. These epigenetic signatures may diverge over time among isolated populations. Epigenetic incompatibility following secondary contact between these populations could result in the evolution of reproductive isolating mechanisms. If epigenetic incompatibility drove the evolution of species isolating mechanisms, we expect to see significant epigenetic differentiation between these species. Alternatively, epigenetic variation could be the result of predominantly environmental variables and not align along species boundaries. A methylation sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed on individuals of the closely related katydid species Neoconocephalus robustus and N. bivocatus. We observed significant variation in total methylation levels between species. However, genetic differentiation remained larger than epigenetic differentiation between species groups. We measured a significant correlation between the epigenetic and genetic distance between individuals. Epigenetic differentiation is therefore likely the result of an interaction between genetic and epigenetic loci and not a mechanism for species differentiation. We therefore did not find evidence to support our hypothesis of an epigenetically mediated mechanism for speciation between N. robustus and N. bivocatus. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.28888 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28888/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/28888/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.33063 2019-05-17 jor

The floriphilic katydid, Phaneroptera brevis, is a frequent flower visitor of non-native, flowering forbs Tan,Ming Kai Tan,Hui Wah Tan,Hugh Tiang florivores flower visitor optimal foraging Orthoptera resource concentration Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 21-26 Distribution of consumers in a patch of vegetation can be predicted by resource availability and explained by the resource-concentration and optimal-foraging hypotheses. These hypotheses have not been explored for flower-visiting Orthoptera because they are deemed less economically or ecologically important. Some flower-visiting orthopterans can provide pollination services, which warrants more attention. We studied a Singaporean, floriphilic katydid, Phaneroptera brevis, to investigate the following questions: 1) how frequently does P. brevis visit flowers compared to other flower visitors and 2) what factors predict the abundance of P. brevis? We collected abundance data for P. brevis and other flower-visiting arthropods and quantified seven environmental parameters, including flower abundance and host-plant species richness. We found that P. brevis frequents flowers significantly more often than some common and expected flower visitors such as hoverflies. In line with the prediction of the resource-concentration hypothesis, the abundance of P. brevis was positively correlated with a higher flower abundance. Owing to the limited information on unexpected wild flower visitors and pollinators, especially from the understudied tropics of Southeast Asia, we propose that P. brevis can be a model organism for future studies to answer fundamental questions on flower visitation. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.33063 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.33063 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33063/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33063/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.31380 2019-06-04 jor

Big in Japan: The importance of riparian corridors for Orthoptera Gardiner,Tim Kuramoto,Noburo Matsuba,Misako conservation ecosystem services flood defense floodplain levee paddy field river Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 27-35 There are few studies on the Orthoptera of the floodplains, paddy fields, and levee embankments of Japan’s riparian corridors. The research which has been undertaken indicates a relatively rich fauna (33% of Japan’s grasshopper species recorded) with endangered species (e.g. Eusphingonotus japonicus) found on gravel floodplains, although diversity is restricted by forest cover and unfavorable land uses (e.g. agriculture). Management should focus on the alteration of levee mowing regimes to benefit orthopterans, and the control of invasive plant species and successional processes along river corridors, which appears to be important for grasshoppers of gravel substrates. Integrated Green Grey Infrastructure (IGGI) measures (levee terraces of Asteraceae plants) may enhance populations of Orthoptera and conserve declining plants such as Aster tripolium in Tokyo. More research is required throughout Japan to accurately determine the orthopteran fauna and appropriate conservation measures, particularly along super levees and in paddy fields. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.31380 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.31380 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/31380/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/31380/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.29312 2019-06-18 jor

A review of the Acridinae s. str. (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Acrididae) of eastern Africa with taxonomic changes and description of new taxa Popov,George Fishpool,Lincoln Rowell,Hugh bionomics brachypterous diagnostic features genus groups macropterous micropterous new genera new species tribes Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 37-105 The Acridinae of eastern Africa are reviewed and recognized as comprising 42 core genera, belonging to five different tribes, together with Xerophlaeoba and Dorsthippus, which are unclassified but appear to be related to some extra-limital genera. Keys are given to tribes and genus groups as well as to genera and, where necessary, species within each genus. The following new taxa are described: Anacteana gen. n.: A. hollisi sp. n. and A. neavei burtti subsp. n.; Brachybothrus gen. n.: B. phyllopterus sp. n. and B. hola sp. n.; Coryphosima stenoptera colorata subsp. n.; Duronia chloronota phippsi subsp. n.; Oxyduronia gen. n.: O. anablepioides sp. n.; Sumba exilis sp. n. Nine new synonyms are recognized: Sumba longicornis Ramme, 1929 = S. roseipennis I. Bolívar, 1912, syn. n.; Orthochirista variegata Sjöstedt, 1931 = Gymnobothrus linea alba I. Bolívar, 1889, syn. n.; Orthochirista elgonensis Sjöstedt, 1931 = Gymnobothrus linea alba I. Bolívar, 1889, syn. n.; Gymnobothrus gracilis (Ramme, 1931) = Gymnobothrus anchietae I. Bolívar, 1889, syn. n.; Gymnobothrus subcarinatus (I. Bolívar, 1922) = Gymnobothrus flexuosus (Schulthess, 1898), syn. n.; Gymnobothroides montanus Kevan, 1950 = Gymnobothrus levipes levipes (Karsch, 1896), syn. n.; Gymnobothroides keniensis Johnston, 1937 = Gymnobothrus levipes abbreviatus (Chopard, 1921), syn. n.; Gymnobothroides Karny, 1915 = Gymnobothrus I. Bolívar, 1889, syn. n.; Phloeochopardia Dirsh, 1958 = Gymnobothrus I. Bolívar, 1889, syn. n. The following 24 new or restored combinations, or new or restored states, are erected for previously described taxa: Chokwea backlundi res. comb. (formerly Chromochokwea backlundi (Uvarov, 1953)); Chokwea eucteana comb. n. (formerly Platyverticula eucteana Jago, 1983); Sumba callosa comb. n. (formerly Rhabdoplea callosa Uvarov, 1953); Anacteana neavei comb. n. (formerly Acteana neavei I. Bolívar, 1912); Anacteana neavei neavei stat. n.; Duronia chloronota curta Uvarov, 1953, stat. n. et comb. (formerly Duronia curta Uvarov, 1953); Coryphosima abyssinica (Uvarov, 1934), res. stat. (formerly synonymized with C. elgonensis by Dirsh, 1966 (though this was ignored by Otte 1995)); Coryphosima amplificata (Johnston, 1937), res. stat. et comb. n. (formerly Rastafaria amplificata amplificata (Johnston, 1937)); Coryphosima morotoensis (Jago, 1968), stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Rastafaria amplificata morotoensis (Jago, 1968)); Coryphosima triangularis (Bouvy, 1982), comb. n. (formerly Rastafaria triangularis Bouvy, 1982); Gymnobothrus longicornis longicornis stat. n.; Gymnobothrus longicornis ephippinotus Jago, 1966, stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothrus ephippinotus Jago, 1966); Gymnobothrus longicornis sellatus Uvarov, 1953, stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothrus sellatus Uvarov, 1953); Gymnobothrus anchietae anchietae stat. n.; Gymnobothrus anchietae bounites Jago, 1970, stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothrus bounites Jago, 1970); Gymnobothrus anchietae flaviventris Uvarov, 1953, stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothrus flaviventris Uvarov, 1953). Gymnobothrus anchietae inflexus Uvarov, 1934, stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothrus inflexus Uvarov, 1934); Gymnobothrus levipes (Karsch, 1896), comb. n.; Gymnobothrus levipes levipes (Karsch, 1896), stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothroides levipes (Karsch, 1896)); Gymnobothrus levipes abbreviatus (Chopard, 1921), stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Phloeochopardia abbreviata (Chopard, 1921)); Gymnobothrus pullus (Karny, 1915), comb. n.; Gymnobothrus pullus pullus (Karny, 1915), stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothroides pullus Karny, 1915); Gymnobothrus pullus minutus (Ramme, 1929), stat. n. et comb. n., nom. res. (formerly Gymnobothroides minutus Ramme, 1929); Gymnobothrus pullus hemipterus (Miller, 1932), stat. n. et comb. n. (formerly Gymnobothroides hemipterus Miller, 1932). info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.29312 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.29312 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29312/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/29312/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.32182 2019-08-06 jor

Review of the genus Pteranabropsis (Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) with description of six new species Ingrisch,Sigfrid China diagnostic characters dichotomous key distribution Orthoptera Vietnam Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 107-124 The genus Pteranabropsis is reviewed. Diagnostic characters for the superficially similar species of the genus are discussed. An extended key to the species is provided. Six new species are described: P. angusta sp. nov., P. cuspis sp. nov., P. bavi sp. nov., P. copia sp. nov., and P. pusilla sp. nov. from northern Vietnam, and P. guadun sp. nov. from the Wuyishan Mountains in China. Types and all other specimens from Vietnam are stored in ISNB Brussels; those from Wuyishan in ZFMK Bonn. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.32182 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.32182 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/32182/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/32182/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34092 2019-08-12 jor

The tide is high, but it’s holding on: response of the grey bush-cricket, Platycleis albopunctata, to a storm surge Gardiner,Tim Seago,Bob climate coast conservation Orthoptera sand dune shingle Tettigoniidae Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 125-128 Coastal insects may be highly susceptible to population loss due to catastrophic inundation events. At two locations on the east coast of the UK (nature reserve and naturists’ beach), the response of the Nationally Scarce grey bush-cricket, Platycleis albopunctata, to the December 2013 storm surge was determined from long-term transect monitoring of stridulating males. In the post-surge seasons, males were more frequent on the back dunes, which would have been largely unsubmerged during the tidal event. Lower numbers of P. albopunctata were recorded on the fore dunes after 2013, probably due to submergence during the surge tide and extensive shingle deposition on its marram-grass, Ammophila arenaria, and open ground habitats smothering overwintering eggs. The heterogeneity of the dune habitat with slacks and ridges may render this species resilient to storm surges. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34092 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34092 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34092/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34092/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.32464 2019-08-23 jor

A new species and morphometric analysis of Cladonotella (Tetrigidae: Cladonotinae) Tan,Ming Kai Tumbrinck,Josef Baroga-Barbecho,Jessica Yap,Sheryl Orthoptera Philippines pygmy grasshoppers Southeast Asia taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 129-135 The genus Cladonotella (Tetrigidae: Cladonotinae) consists of four species of pygmy grasshoppers from Java and New Guinea. A new species of Cladonotella is described from Siargao Island, Philippines: Cladonotella spinulosa sp. nov. This represents the first record of Cladonotella in the Philippines. To quantify differences between species of Cladonotella, we used morphological characters to construct a neighbor-joining tree, and recovered our new species as distinct from congeners. To address the lack of natural history information on Cladonotella, we described habitat and other ecological observations made in Siargao Island on our new species. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.32464 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.32464 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/32464/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/32464/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.33781 2019-08-28 jor

Oecanthus mhatreae sp. nov. (Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new species of tree cricket from Mexico, with an irregular song pattern and unique chirp-like trill configuration Collins,Nancy Collins,Nancy Govaerts,Bruno Cimatario Corregidora Natasha Mhatre new species Otomí Querétaro tropical deciduous forest Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 137-143 A new species of Oecanthus is described from Mexico. Oecanthus mhatreae sp. nov. occurs in central Mexico in the understory of tropical deciduous forest. Oecanthus mhatreae sp. nov. is currently known only from the Corregidora area of the Mexican state of Querétaro. The widened tegmina and chirp-like brief trills song are consistent with some members of the rileyi species group; however, this new species of tree cricket is different in several aspects. The chirp-like brief trills are generally irregularly spaced, it does not have the expected grouping of the chirp pulses, and the colors of buff, light olive green, or light brown are vastly different than the four known pale green species in the rileyi species group of the Western Hemisphere. Morphology, habitat, and song details of this new species, with the common name of Otomi tree cricket, are provided in this paper. Video can be viewed at www.oecanthinae.com. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.33781 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.33781 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33781/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33781/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.33370 2019-09-03 jor

Morphology, development, and reproduction of Eyprepocnemis plorans ibandana (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in South Cameroon rainforests Djomnang Nkwala,Alfiery Laurel Simo Talla,Franklin Oumarou Ngoute,Charly Sevilor,Kekeunou Wandji,Alain Christel Mbadjoun Nziké,Marcelle Wandji,Alain Christel Mbida,Mpoame Cameroon ecology grasshopper pests nymphal development Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 145-154 Eyprepocnemis plorans ibandana is a very common grasshopper species in open environments and agricultural systems of tropical Africa. It is a pest that significantly benefits from forest degradation in southern Cameroon, hence the need to study the bioecology of this subspecies. We studied the reproduction as well as the morphological characteristics and development times of the post-embryonic instars of E. p. ibandana. Sixty-one adult pairs were obtained from sixth instar nymphs caught in grassy vegetation in the Nkolbisson area (Yaoundé) and bred in the laboratory. After hatching, the first instar nymphs were individually placed in cages and fed every two days using fresh leaves of Manihot esculenta. The postembryonic development of E. p. ibandana took six instars in the male and six to seven instars in the female. Mean nymphal development took 79.16 ± 0.51 days in males, 89.93 ± 0.58 days in 6 instar females and 94.96 ± 1.22 days in 7 instar females. The survival rate of the first instar was low (53%). However, from the second instar on the survival rate was very high (> 87%). Sexual dimorphism is distinct in adults, fifth and sixth nymphal instars. Adults of E. p. ibandana took on average 32.57 ± 3.88 days to start mating, and mating lasted 2.12 h on average (1–3 h). Oviposition took place on average 52.03 ± 5 days after first mating; each female deposited one to eleven oothecae with an average of 34.93 ± 2.37 eggs per ootheca. Our study provides important information for the control of this subspecies in southern Cameroon. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.33370 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.33370 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33370/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33370/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34055 2019-09-03 jor

Assemblages of orthopteroid insects along environmental gradients in central and southern Madagascar Kristin,Anton Heller,Klaus-Gerhard Zemko,Milan Rakotondranary,Jacques Jarcuska,Benjamin altitude biogeography diversity ecology endemism habitat Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 155-166 Madagascar is one of the world hotspots for endemics, and its rapidly changing habitats accelerate the need for their study and conservation. Orthopterans, mantids, phasmids, and cockroaches were sampled in five main habitats (savanna and shrubland, semiarid spiny forest, rainforest, mountain grass- and shrubland, and cultivated habitats) in central and southern Madagascar (41 sites, 0–2250 m a.s.l.) with the aim of getting the first data on their diversity and distribution along environmental gradients shortly after the rainy period. Samples were collected primarily by sweeping herb and shrub vegetation along transects 100 m long and 1–2 m wide (5–8 transects/site) and supplemented using other techniques. Altogether 117 species of orthopteroid insects were found (94 Orthoptera, 7 Mantodea, 4 Phasmida, and 12 Blattodea), among them two katydid species which had been recently described as new to science (Mimoscudderia longicaudata Heller & Krištín, 2019, Parapyrrhicia leuca Hemp & Heller, 2019). High species diversity was documented: altogether 63 species (53.8%) were present at only one site, 14 (12%) at two sites, and 5 species (4.2%) at three sites. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis on species composition did not clearly separate the assemblages of the sampled sites. Species assemblages from four habitats overlapped due to their similarity. Only assemblages from the rainforest sites were partially separated from the other sites. Cultivated habitats were characterized by the most frequent (F > 50%) and abundant grasshopper species, such as Acorypha decisa, Aiolopus thalassinus rodericensis, Oedaleus virgula, Gelastorrhinus edax, Gymnobothrus spp,. and Acrotylus spp. We found a significant association between habitat management and species rareness, where the number of rare species was higher in natural/unmanaged habitats. However, we found no association between habitat management and the number of endemic species. For several species we provide the first detailed data on their localities and habitat. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34055 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34055 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34055/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34055/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34605 2019-09-03 jor

Taxonomic and biogeographic revision of the genus Lamellitettigodes (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) with description of two new species and additional notes on Lamellitettix, Probolotettix, and Scelimena Tumbrinck,Josef China fauna Metrodorinae New Guinea Southeast Asia synonymy Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 167-180 The genus Lamellitettigodes Günther, 1939 from Southeast Asia is reviewed. The genus currently includes seven species and is transferred to Tetriginae Rambur, 1838. Two new species are described: Lamellitettigodes novaeguineae sp. nov. from New Guinea and Lamellitettigodes karwinkeli sp. nov. from Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. Lamellitettigodes palawanicus Günther, 1939 stat. nov. is no longer regarded as a subspecies of L. contractus, but a separate species. Two species are transferred from Euparatettix Hancock, 1904 to Lamellitettigodes: Lamellitettigodes sagittatus (Bolívar, 1887) comb. nov. and Lamellitettigodes cultratus (Bolívar, 1898) comb. nov. One species is transferred from Tetrix Latreille, 1802 to Lamellitettigodes - Lamellitettigodes signatus (Bolívar, 1887) comb. nov. Xistra tricristata sumatrana Bolívar, 1898 syn. nov., Xistra tricristata Bolívar, 1898 syn. nov., and Probolotettix corticolus Blackith & Blackith, 1987 syn. nov. are synonymized with Lamellitettigodes contractus (Bolívar, 1887). Probolotettix kevani Blackith & Blackith, 1987 syn. nov. is synonymized with Euparatettix personatus (Bolívar, 1887). Additionally, in the genus Lamellitettix Hancock, 1904, Lamellitettix acutus Hancock, 1904 stat. rev. is retransferred from a subspecies of Lamellitettix gallinaceus (Stål, 1877) to a separate species status. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34605 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34605 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34605/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34605/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34115 2019-09-12 jor

Discovery of an acoustically locating parasitoid with a potential role in divergence of song types among sympatric populations of the bush cricket Mecopoda elongata Dutta,Rochishnu Reddy,Manjunatha Tregenza,Tom cryptic species katydid speciation Tachinidae Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 181-186 The bush cricket Mecopoda elongata provides a striking example of sympatric intraspecific divergence in mating signals. Five completely distinct song types are found in various parapatric and sympatric locations in South India. While there is convincing evidence that population divergence in M. elongata is being maintained as a result of divergence in acoustic signals, cuticular chemical profiles, and genital characters, the causes of the evolution of such divergence in the first place are unknown. We describe the discovery of a tachinid parasitoid with an orthopteroid hearing mechanism affecting M. elongata. This parasitoid may have a role in driving the extraordinary divergence that had occurred among M. elongata song types. Over two years we sampled individuals of three sympatric song types in the wild and retained individuals in captivity to reveal rates of parasitization. We found that all three song types were infected with the parasitoid but that there were significant differences among song types in their probability of being infected. The probability of tachinid parasitization also differed between the two sampling periods. Therefore, it is possible that parasitoid infection plays a role in song type divergence among sympatric bush cricket populations. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34115 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34115 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34115/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34115/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34665 2019-10-02 jor

Effects of water extracts of frass from three locust species and various plants on oviposition and embryonic development in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria Tanaka,Seiji Kotaki,Toyomi Nishide,Yudai Ben-Hamouda,Amel Abdellaoui,Khemais Ebbe,Mohamed Abdallahi Bahah Ely,Sidi Ould behavior choice test egg hatching oviposition inhibitory effect plague locust Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 195-204 The water extract of desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, frass collected in the wild had an oviposition inhibitory (OI) effect when mixed with sand and presented to adults. Likewise, the leaves of six plant species, as well as frass produced by desert locusts fed with these plants, exerted OI effects when compared with the control sand wetted with water alone. In general, frass extracts had a greater OI effect than the extracts of leaves. The OI effect was also observed when adult desert locusts were exposed to extracts of frass produced by two other locusts, the Bombay locust, Nomadacris succincta, and the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, fed with rescue grass, Bromus catharticus. Among the three species of locust, desert locust and migratory locust frass exerted a greater OI effect than Bombay locust frass. Frass samples extracted with hot and cool water produced similarly high OI effects, indicating that bacterial involvement during extraction is unlikely. Hatching rates of desert locusts were significantly reduced by extracts of all of the above mentioned frass when the extracts were mixed with sand and used to incubate the eggs. In contrast, the lethal effects of leaf extracts on the hatching rates varied depending on the plant species. The embryos became deformed within four days when three-day-old eggs were incubated in sand containing frass extracts from desert locusts fed with rescue grass, whereas no apparent morphological changes were observed when seven-day-old eggs were similarly tested, although their hatching rate was significantly reduced. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34665 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34665 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34665/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34665/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.33586 2019-10-02 jor

What determines the number of auditory sensilla in the tympanal hearing organs of Tettigoniidae? Perspectives from comparative neuroanatomy and evolutionary forces Strauß,Johannes acoustic communication behavior crista acustica katydid sexual selection Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 205-219 Insects have evolved complex receptor organs for the major sensory modalities. For the sense of hearing, the tympanal organ of Tettigoniidae (bush crickets or katydids) shows remarkable convergence to vertebrate hearing by impedance conversion and tonotopic frequency analysis. The main auditory receptors are scolopidial sensilla in the crista acustica. Morphological studies established that the numbers of auditory sensilla are species-specific. However, the factors determining the specific number of auditory sensilla are not well understood. This review provides an overview of the functional organization of the auditory organ in Tettigoniidae, including the diversification of the crista acustica sensilla, a list of species with the numbers of auditory sensilla, and a discussion of evolutionary forces affecting the number of sensilla in the crista acustica and their sensitivity. While all species of Tettigoniidae studied so far have a crista acustica, the number of sensilla varies on average from 15–116. While the relative differences or divergence in sensillum numbers may be explained by adaptive or regressive changes, it is more difficult to explain a specific number of sensilla in the crista acustica of a specific species (like for the model species Ancistrura nigrovittata, Copiphora gorgonensis, Gampsocleis gratiosa, Mecopoda elongata, Requena verticalis, or Tettigonia viridissima): sexual and natural selection as well as allometric relationships have been identified as key factors influencing the number of sensilla. Sexual selection affects the number of auditory sensilla in the crista acustica by the communication system and call patterns. Further, positive allometric relationships indicate positive selection for certain traits. Loss of selection leads to evolutionary regression of the auditory system and reduced number of auditory sensilla. This diversity in the auditory sensilla can be best addressed by comparative studies reconstructing adaptive or regressive changes in the crista acustica. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Review Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.33586 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.33586 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33586/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33586/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.28.34102 2019-10-02 jor

Response of orthopterans to macroclimate changes: A 15-year case study in Central European humid grasslands Kenyeres,Zoltan Takács,Gábor Bauer,Norbert climate change Hungary indicator landscape management monitoring species richness Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(2): 187-193 Orthoptera is a good indicator taxon of macroclimate changes. In our case study, we analyzed data of orthopterans, vegetation, and macroclimate collected yearly from 2002 through 2017 in Central European humid grasslands. During the study period, the annual mean temperature increased, while the relative abundance of moderately hygrophilic orthopteran species decreased significantly. On the other hand, the species richness and diversity of the assemblages increased due, mostly, to an increase of graminicole/thermophilic species. According to our results, the conservation of the hygrophilic orthopteran assemblages of Central European humid grasslands under global warming can only be ensured by adequate land management, which can at least mitigate the effects of climate change resulting in the warming and drying of humid habitats. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2019 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.28.34102 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.34102 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34102/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34102/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.33413 2020-01-10 jor

First natural history observations of the canyon pygmy mole cricket, Ellipes monticolus (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae) Woo,Brandon Arizona Caelifera Chiricahua Mountains photographs Sky Islands Tridactylinae Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 1-7 The first live photos of the canyon pygmy mole cricket, Ellipes monticolus Günther, are presented, with preliminary observations on the habitat and behavior of populations in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona. The species was previously known solely from the original description in 1977, which included only drawings of the structure of the genitalia and almost no natural history information. This paper provides the first look at this species’ biology and provides a framework for future studies on Tridactylidae of the southwestern United States. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.33413 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.33413 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33413/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33413/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.35664 2020-01-10 jor

Mopla guttata (Acrididae: Catantopinae) rediscovered in the Western Ghats, Kerala, India Bhaskar,Dhaneesh P S,Easa Rowell,Hugh endemism first male of genus grasshopper systematics tropical forest Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 17-23 The endemic Catantopinae genus Mopla was described by Henry in 1940 from the Malabar region of South India. Henry described two species under this genus, M. guttata and M. rubra. The female type specimens of Mopla are deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, UK. There have been no further records of these two species since their description. Seventy-six years later, the first male specimen of the genus Mopla was discovered in the Western Ghats, Kerala, India, in 2016. This paper describes the specimen, thought to be of Mopla guttata, and reconsiders its systematic placement. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/NSF/9201139 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.35664 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.35664 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/35664/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/35664/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.34626 2020-01-10 jor

Acridid ecology in the sugarcane agro-ecosystem in the Zululand region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Bam,Adrian Addison,Pia Conlong,Desmond Cataloipus zuluensis Cyrtacanthacris aeruginosa damage rating management Nomadacris septemfasciata Ornithacris cyanea outbreaks Petamella prosternalis population surveys Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 9-16 Grasshoppers and locusts are well known crop and pasture pests throughout the world. Periodically they cause extensive damage to large areas of crops and grazing lands, which often exacerbate food shortage issues in many countries. In South Africa, acridid outbreaks rarely reach economic proportions, but in sugarcane plantations, localized outbreaks of native acridid species have been reported for the last eight years with increasing frequency and intensity in certain areas. This study was undertaken from May 2012 to May 2013 to identify the economically important acridid species in the sugarcane agroecosystem in these outbreak areas, to monitor seasonal activity patterns, to assess sampling methods, and to determine the pest status of the major species through damage ratings. Five acridid species of particular importance were identified: Nomadacris septemfasciata (Serville), Petamella prosternalis (Karny), Ornithacris cyanea (Stoll), Cataloipus zuluensis Sjötedt, and Cyrtacanthacris aeruginosa (Stoll). All species are univoltine. Petamella prosternalis was the most abundant species and exhibited a winter egg diapause, while N. septemfasciata, the second most abundant species, exhibited a winter reproductive diapause. Petamella prosternalis and N. septemfasciata were significantly correlated with the damage-rating index, suggesting that these two species were responsible for most of the feeding damage found on sugarcane. This study, for the first time, identified the acridid species complex causing damage to sugarcane in the Zululand area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and documented their population characteristics and related damage. These data are important information on which to base sound integrated pest management strategies. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.34626 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.34626 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34626/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34626/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.33373 2020-02-03 jor

Effect of anthropogenic pressure on grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acridomorpha) species diversity in three forests in southern Cameroon Oumarou Ngoute,Charly Sevilor,Kekeunou Lecoq,Michel Nzoko Fiemapong,Armand Richard UM NYOBE,Philène Corinne Aude Bilong Bilong,Charles Félix biodiversity degradation rate grasshopper communities tropical rainforest Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 25-34 Grasshoppers are highly diversified in tropical rainforests and considered of both ecological and conservation importance. The population dynamics of central African grasshoppers, however, and the structure of their communities remain poorly studied. We report here on the impact of human activities on the diversity of grasshopper species from three localities in southern Cameroon: Ongot, more anthropized forest; Zamakoe, moderately anthropized forest; and Ngutadjap, less anthropized forest. Data were collected using sweep nets, quadrats, and pitfall traps. We analyzed how pressures from human activities affected the grasshopper species compositions using five statistical methods: (1) two non-parametric estimators for specific richness, (2) abundance, (3) abundance distribution model, (4) α diversity index, and (5) β diversity index. The results showed no significant differences in species richness between the sites (nine species at Zamakoe, seven each at Ongot and Ngutadjap). Among these species, one was specific to Ongot and Zamakoe, while one, two, and three species, respectively, were found only in Ongot, Ngutadjap, and Zamakoe. Abundance and species diversity of grasshoppers increased with anthropogenic pressure on the forests. We noticed a great similarity between the grasshopper communities of the two localities under the greatest anthropogenic pressure (Ongot and Zamakoe) compared to that of the less anthropized locality of Ngutadjap. The most common grasshopper species, Mazea granulosa, was most abundant where deforestation was highest. Species diversity was highest in the more and moderately anthropized forests, and the diversity index showed greater similarity between these two grasshopper communities compared with that of the less anthropized forest. This work enables us to better understand how the parameters of these insect communities reflect the degree of forest degradation in southern Cameroon. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.33373 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.33373 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33373/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33373/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.37595 2020-03-13 jor

Mating behavior of the Persian boxer mantid, Holaptilon brevipugilis (Mantodea: Mantidae) Kolnegari,Mahmood courtship deimatic behavior experiment forelimb trembling Iran sexual cannibalism Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 35-39 The Persian boxer mantid, Holaptilon brevipugilis, is the mantid most recently described from Iran. Here, I present some aspects of the courtship display and mating behavior of this species. I conducted 28 mating trials, quantified the relative frequency of all mating behaviors, and estimated the pre-copulation, copulation, and post-copulation periods. I also compared the effects of frontal vs. lateral approaches of the male for mating success, since frontal approach increases the risk that the male will be seen and cannibalized by the female. In 64% of trials, the male approached the female immediately, regardless of whether the female could see him or not. Copulation was successful in 61% of trials. Male courtship consisted of dorsoventral bending of the male’s abdomen and occurred in 10% of all trials, but only when the female was facing the male. In contrast, trembling of the forelimbs was not associated with copulation, occurred in 10% of all trials, and was always followed by the male moving away from the female. I observed one female cannibalizing a male post-copulation. The Persian boxer mantid might be sexually cannibalistic, but confirming this hypothesis would require further studies, including a focus on female hunger level as a determining factor in sexual cannibalism and in male courtship behaviors. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.37595 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.37595 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/37595/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/37595/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.39400 2020-03-13 jor

Squatting (squatter) mantis man: A prehistoric praying mantis petroglyph in Iran Kolnegari,Mahmood Naserifard,Mohammad Hazrati,Mandana Shelomi,Matan archaeology cultural entomology Mantodea paleoart rock art Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 41-44 A 14-cm motif of a six-legged creature with raptorial forearms was discovered in the Teymareh rock art site in central Iran (Markazi Province) during a 2017 and 2018 survey of petroglyphs or prehistoric stone engravings. In order to identify it, entomologists and archaeologists compared the motif to local insects and to similar motifs and geometric rock art from around the world. The inspected motif resembles a well-known ”squatter man” motif based on aurora phenomena and found all over the world, combined with a praying mantid (Mantodea), probably a local species of Empusa. The petroglyph proves that praying mantids have been astounding and inspiring humans since prehistoric times. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.39400 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.39400 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/39400/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/39400/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.33717 2020-03-30 jor

Review of the tribe Amorphopini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae): Pygmy moss-lichen tetrigids from the Amazon rainforest Cadena-Castañeda,Oscar J. Martins Silva,Daniela Santos De Mello Mendes,Diego Matheus Pereira,Marcelo Ribeiro De Domenico,Fernando Sperber,Carlos Frankl behavior camouflage chromatic variation lectotype neotype redescription Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 45-62 The tribe Amorphopini Günther, 1939 is reviewed. It consists of two genera: Amorphopus Seville, 1838 and Eomorphopus Hankock, 1907 with three Neotropical species: Amorphopus notabilis Serville, 1838, Eomorphopus antennatus (Bolívar, 1887), and Eomorphopus granulatus Hancock, 1907. Two species are transferred from Amorphopus to the genera Metrodora Bolívar, 1887 and Crimisus Bolívar, 1887, and two new combinations are proposed: Metrodora gibbosula (Walker, 1871), comb. nov. and Crimisus humeralis (Walker, 1871), comb. nov. New synonyms are proposed: Amorphopus notabilis Serville, 1838 = Amorphopus griseus Bolívar, 1887, syn. nov.; Metrodora gibbosula (Walker, 1871) = Platytettix reticulatus Hancock, 1906, syn. nov.; and Crimisus humeralis (Walker, 1871) = Allotettix bolivianus Brunner, 1913, syn. nov. Neotypes of Amorphopus notabilis and Eomorphopus antennatus as well as the lectotype of E. granulatus are designated. The description of Amorphopus testudo Saussure, 1861 is based on an immature specimen and we considered it as nomen dubius and the type depository of Eomorphopus purpurascens is unknown so we considered it, too, as nomen dubius. The tribe Amorphopini and all included taxa were redescribed and illustrated. A key to the genera and species is provided. Data on distribution, behavior, camouflage with lichens, polychromy, as well as ecological aspects of the species are reported. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.33717 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.33717 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33717/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/33717/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.34452 2020-05-14 jor

Microhabitats of planted sea wall strips used by pollinators and Orthoptera Gardiner,Tim Fargeaud,Kimberley bumblebee bush-cricket butterfly conservation dicotyledon grasshopper flood defense Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 77-82 As part of an Urban Buzz scheme, strips of teasel (Dipsacus fullonum) and greater knapweed (Centaurea scabiosa) have been established along a sea wall flood defense in the UK to provide a corridor of flower-rich habitat for pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The cutting of tall grassland and planting of dicotyledons also created a suitable short sward environment (c. 30 cm height) for Orthoptera nymphs in the establishment year (2018). However, by 2019, the grassland in the pollinator strips was taller (c. 75 cm) and suboptimal for grasshoppers; in contrast to Roesel’s bush-cricket (Roeseliana roeselii), which inhabited the taller vegetation in greater abundance. The progression to established grassland with flowering D. fullonum saw the pollinator strips attract significantly higher numbers of bees and butterflies than the floristically poor control strips. This small-scale study illustrates that pollinator strips can have multi-functional benefits for ecosystems beyond pollination, with Orthoptera of tall grassland (R. roeselii) likely to persist alongside planted wildflowers. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.34452 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.34452 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34452/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/34452/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.46967 2020-05-14 jor

Influence of cold temperature and exposure time on egg overwintering survival in the white-whiskered grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Branson,David H. Ageneotettix egg pods hatching success lethal temperature Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 63-65 The effect of cold temperatures and exposure time on egg survival and hatching success were examined in the white-whiskered grasshopper, Ageneotettix deorum. Temperature treatments ranged from 4°C to -35°C, with treatment times ranging from 48 to 240 hours. Both decreasing temperatures and exposure time negatively affected egg survival, with a temperature below -25°C being lethal. Similar lethal temperatures are known for several North American grasshopper species. The relatively shallow location of A. deorum egg pods would result in increased vulnerability of eggs to cold temperatures in the absence of snow. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.46967 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.46967 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46967/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46967/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.46966 2020-05-14 jor

Grasshopper populations respond similarly to multiple moderate intensity livestock grazing treatments Branson,David H. Acrididae continuous grazing grasshopper density Great Plains mixed prairie rangeland rotational grazing Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 67-69 Livestock grazing frequently affects grasshopper populations, but no prior studies have simultaneously examined a wide range of moderate intensity livestock grazing treatments in the Northern Great Plains. Grasshopper densities varied significantly between years, but five moderate grazing treatments, including both rotational and continuous grazing treatments, did not differentially affect grasshopper densities or species composition. Grasshopper populations appear resilient to different types of moderate grazing at this Northern Great Plains mixed-grass prairie site. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.46966 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.46966 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46966/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46966/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.39228 2020-05-14 jor

Consequences of advanced maternal age on reproductive investment by male offspring Wilson,Jacob Anner,Sophia Murphy,Shannon Tinghitella,Robin aging aging theory life history theory male fitness maternal effect sperm viability Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 71-76 Maternal age can have contrasting effects on a variety of offspring fitness traits. While the effects of maternal age on offspring traits that are not sex-specific, such as body size and growth rate, as well as on traits specific to females, have been well researched, traits that are specific to male offspring have been understudied. Across taxa, male reproductive investment is a particularly salient component of fitness, especially when females mate with several males. We tested whether maternal age affects the reproductive traits of their male offspring by comparing the investment made by male field crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus, from ‘young’ and ‘old’ maternal age treatments. Female T. oceanicus mate with several males, and sperm competition is a fair lottery, so male reproductive investment is important for fitness in this system. After two generations of mating young and old females, we measured the testes mass, spermatophore mold mass, and sperm viability of their male offspring. Despite differences in maternal and grand-maternal age and the demonstrated effects of advanced maternal age on egg number and offspring immunocompetency in this system, the male offspring of young and old females did not differ in reproductive tissues and sperm viability. This study is one of the first to examine the effect of maternal age on fitness-related traits specific to male offspring, and we encourage future research that tests the effects of maternal age on male offspring in other species. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.39228 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.39228 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/39228/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/39228/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.48966 2020-05-29 jor

Bioecological aspects of the common black field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in the laboratory and in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) plantations Masson,Marcus Tavares,Wagner Alves,Jacyr Ferreira-Filho,Pedro Barbosa,Leonardo Wilcken,Carlos Zanuncio,José bioecology field observation forest pest Gryllides Grylloidea laboratory rearing Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 83-89 The common black field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), damages young plants of red cedar, Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae); strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa (Rosaceae); sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae); teak, Tectona grandis (Lamiaceae); upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (Malvaceae); and, mainly, Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae). The objective of this study was to investigate the biological and behavioral parameters of this insect in the laboratory and in Eucalyptus spp. plantations in Inhambupe, Bahia State, Brazil. The incubation period and the viability of G. assimilis eggs were 11.87 days and approximately 22%, respectively. The duration of the nymphal stage was 62.34 days with approximately 60% of the nymphs obtained in the laboratory being females. The average number of egg batches per female, eggs per female, and eggs per batch per female of this insect were 25.50, 862.17, and 34.65, respectively. G. assimilis females lived for 76.50 days in the adult stage, and 138.34 days in total, from egg through nymph to adult. Males produced three characteristic sounds: one for the marking of territory, one for courtship, and one when alone. G. assimilis fed primarily on weeds but, in their absence, it damaged young Eucalyptus spp. plants. This paper presents important data on the biology and behavior of G. assimilis; this information may encourage additional biological research, laboratory rearing, and integrated management of this pest. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.48966 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.48966 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/48966/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/48966/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.50400 2020-05-29 jor

Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California Collins,Nancy Schneider,Ken R. Lake Annie rabbitbrush sage tree cricket sagebrush setae subgenital plate Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 91-99 A new species of Oecanthus is described from extreme northeast California. Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. is currently known only from Lake Annie in Modoc County, California, and occurs on sagebrush (Artemisia) and rabbitbrush (Ericameria). It has the narrow tegmina, antennal markings, metanotal gland configuration, and trilling song found in the Oecanthus nigricornis species group. Song details and morphology, including the shape of the subgenital plate and copulatory blades, are provided in this paper. This new species has been given the common name of sage tree cricket. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.50400 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50400 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50400/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50400/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.51328 2020-05-29 jor

Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XXII: Two new species of Taraxippus (Phasmatodea: Cladomorphinae: Hesperophasmatini) and the first record of the genus from Central America Conle,Oskar Hennemann,Frank Valero,Pablo Costa Rica Dominican Republic Hispaniola morphology Panama phasmids stick insects taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 101-114 Two new species of Taraxippus Moxey, 1971 are described and illustrated: T. samarae sp. nov. from Costa Rica and Panama and T. perezgelaberti sp. nov. from the Dominican Republic. Both sexes and the previously unknown eggs are described. The genus is recorded from Central America for the first time. A distribution map and a discussion of the distributional pattern of Taraxippus are provided. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.51328 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.51328 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/51328/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/51328/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.51900 2020-09-14 jor

Initial impact of a soil disturbance technique (disc harrowing) on Orthoptera in a grass heath in Breckland, UK Gardiner,Tim Acrididae bare earth bush-crickets conservation grasshoppers heathland Tettigoniidae Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 127-131 On a Breckland grass heath in eastern England, soil disturbance methods such as disc harrowing employed to benefit endangered plants such as tower mustard, Arabis glabra, could also create exposed ground for localized insects, specifically the mottled grasshopper, Myrmeleotettix maculatus. Orthoptera of disc-harrowed strips on a grass heath at Santon Warren in Norfolk, UK, were monitored in 2018 and 2019. Data analysis focused on two target species, field grasshopper, Chorthippus brunneus, and M. maculatus, which are likely to respond positively to the creation of early successional habitat. Of the two species, M. maculatus was found in significantly high abundance on the disc-harrowed strips, whereas C. brunneus was not. The species richness of Orthoptera did not appear affected by harrowing, although three species at this location (lesser marsh grasshopper, Chorthippus albomarginatus, long-winged conehead, Conocephalus fuscus, and Roesel’s bush-cricket, Roseliana roeselii) need taller vegetation than was present on the disc-harrowed strips. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.51900 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.51900 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/51900/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/51900/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.49821 2020-09-14 jor

Two new species of the tribe Meconematini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from China and male song characters of Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensis sp. nov. Wang,Tao Shi,Fuming Acosmetura calling song morphology taxonomic images type specimens Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 115-120 This paper describes two new species of the tribe Meconematini from China, Acosmetura longielata sp. nov. and Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensis sp. nov. Data on the male song characters of Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensis sp. nov. are also provided. The type specimens of all new species are preserved in the Museum of Hebei University. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.49821 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.49821 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/49821/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/49821/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.50387 2020-09-14 jor

New records of exotic crickets in Europe: Homoeogryllus species (Orthoptera: Gryllidea: Phalangopsidae) Żurawlew,Przemysław Desutter-Grandcolas,Laure Szymański,Paweł Herman,David Belgium identification Poland species introductions spectrogram tropical plants Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 121-125 This short note lists new records of exotic crickets belonging to the genus Homoeogryllus (Orthoptera: Gryllidea: Phalangopsidae) in Europe (Poland and Belgium) and discusses the most probable scenarios of their arrival from tropical regions. Photographs and stridulation spectrograms of these crickets are provided. The report concludes that handling terminals and warehouses with tropical plants are the most common sites in Europe where exotic species of different taxa are recorded. The species Homoeogryllus longicornis (Walker, 1869) is also reclassified to the genus Meloimorpha Walker, 1870. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.50387 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.50387 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50387/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50387/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.53718 2020-11-30 jor

Presence of the four-spined pygmy devil, Arulenus validispinus (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae), confirmed in Bukidnon region on the island of Mindanao, Philippines MOHAGAN,ALMA Patano,Romeo ACOLA,MESCEL AMPER,DANIEL Coritico,Fulgent Amoroso,Victor Arulenus miae habitat morphology Mt. Pantaron taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 133-136 The four-spined pygmy devil (Arulenus validispinus Stål, 1877) is an endemic species to the Philippines. It was described more than 140 years ago from a single female specimen. Since its description, only a single new record was known, reported by Skejo from the Lanao region in 2017 and based on a specimen from eBay. Here, we record the species from the Bukidnon Mountains. We present measurements of a male and a female we collected, with the description of the species morphology and habitat. This species differs from its congeneric Mia’s pygmy devil (A. miae Skejo & Caballero, 2016) by the sharp dorsal and lateral spines. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.53718 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.53718 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/53718/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/53718/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.46371 2020-12-04 jor

Calling songs of Neotropical katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Panama ter Hofstede,Hannah Symes,Laurel B. Martinson,Sharon J. Robillard,Tony Faure,Paul Madhusudhana,Shyam Page,Rachel acoustic signals bioacoustics monitoring vbushcrickets insect communication ultrasound Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 137-201 Understanding the ecology and evolution of animal communication systems requires detailed data on signal structure and variation across species. Here, we describe the male acoustic signals of 50 species of Neotropical katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Panama, with the goal of providing data and recordings for future research on katydid communication, evolution, ecology, and conservation. Male katydids were recorded individually using an ultrasound-sensitive microphone and high-sampling rate data acquisition board to capture both audible and ultrasonic components of calls. Calls varied enormously in duration, temporal patterning, peak frequency, and bandwidth both across and within subfamilies. We confirm previous studies showing that katydid species within the subfamily Pseudophyllinae produced short calls (<250 ms) at long intervals and we confirm that this is true for species in the subfamily Phaneropterinae as well. Species in the Conocephalinae, on the other hand, typically produced highly repetitive calls over longer periods of time. However, there were exceptions to this pattern, with a few species in the Conocephalinae producing very short calls at long intervals, and some species in the Phaneropterinae producing relatively long calls (1–6 s) or calling frequently. Our results also confirm previous studies showing a relationship between katydid size and the peak frequency of the call, with smaller katydids producing higher frequency calls, but the slope of this relationship differed with subfamily. We discuss the value of documenting the diversity in katydid calls for both basic studies on the ecology, evolution, and behavior of these species as well as the potential conservation benefits for bioacoustics monitoring programs. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.46371 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.46371 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46371/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/46371/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.29.58469 2020-12-04 jor

Corrigendum of Masson MV, Tavares WS, Alves JM, Ferreira-Filho PJ, Barbosa LR, Wilcken CF, Zanuncio JC (2020) Bioecological aspects of the common black field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in the laboratory and in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) plantations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(1): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.48966 Masson,Marcus Tavares,Wagner Alves,Jacyr Ferreira-Filho,Pedro Barbosa,Leonardo Wilcken,Carlos Zanuncio,José Journal of Orthoptera Research 29(2): 203-203   info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2020 Corrigenda text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.29.58469 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.58469 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/58469/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/58469/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.53375 2021-02-02 jor

A new species of Physocrobylus (Caelifera: Acridoidea: Acrididae: Coptacrinae), with notes on the phenology and habitat of the genus Hemp,Claudia East Africa grasshopper lowland forest submontane forest Tanzania taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 1-6 A new species of Physocrobylus, P. venetus sp. nov., is described from the Nguru Mountains of Tanzania. It is the third species in the genus restricted to Tanzanian localities. While P. venetus sp. nov. and P. tessa Hochkirch prefer moister forest communities from lowland to submontane forest in the East Usambara and Nguru Mountains, P. burtti Dirsh is an inhabitant of Miombo woodlands. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.53375 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.53375 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/53375/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/53375/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.50039 2021-02-18 jor

Oecanthus rohiniae sp. nov. (Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new chirping tree cricket of the rileyi species group from Mexico Collins,Nancy Coronado González,Isabel Margarita Rocha-Sánchez,Aurora Yazmín Govaerts,Bruno Hershberger,Wil bioacoustic biodiversity Querétaro tropical deciduous forest Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 7-16 A new species of Oecanthus is described from Mexico. Oecanthus rohiniae sp. nov. occurs in central Mexico in the understory of tropical deciduous forest and is currently known only from Mexico. This new species has the coloring, antennal markings, slightly widened tegmina, and calling song that are found in the rileyi species group. Although morphologically very similar to Oecanthus fultoni, the shapes of the distal hooks on the male copulatory blades differ between the two species. There are also differences in the song pulse patterns and chirp rate response to temperature. This new species has been given the common name Cri-Cri tree cricket. Video and song recordings are available online. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.50039 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.50039 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50039/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/50039/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.52816 2021-02-18 jor

Life history of the false flower mantid (Harpagomantis tricolor Linnaeus, 1758) (Mantodea: Galinthiadidae) and its distribution in southern Africa Greyvenstein,Bianca du Plessis,Hannalene van den Berg,Johnnie camouflage copulation longevity praying mantis Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 17-26 The false flower mantid is the common name for the Mantodea species Harpagomantis tricolor (Linnaeus, 1758). This species uses camouflage as a defense mechanism. Limited information (Kaltenbach 1996, 1998) exists on its distribution in southern Africa or about its life history. This species, and Mantodea to an extent, are not usually included in biodiversity studies from this region. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of this species in southern Africa based on museum collection records and to study the biology of Harpagomantis tricolor under captive breeding conditions. The distribution of Harpagomantis and its morphological variety, i.e., discolor, were determined utilising the historical insect collection records of seven national museums throughout South Africa. Field collected H. tricolor males and females were mated and reared under laboratory conditions to record their life history parameters of nymphal duration, oothecae structure, size and incubation duration, adult longevity, and sex ratio. The results of this study indicate that the mean duration of the lifecycle of H. tricolor is 191.33 ± 37.96 days. All but three H. tricolor individuals had five nymphal instars, and the mean duration of the nymphal stage was 140.20 ± 31.03 days. The mean duration of copulation was six hours, while the average incubation period of oothecae was 144.71 ± 9.33 days. These results indicate that oothecae of H. tricolor probably overwinter under field conditions and that males of this species have evolved various mechanisms to increase the likelihood of ensuring their own genetic offspring. This study bridges the gap in rudimental research in which Mantodea, in general, has been overlooked and establishes a basis on which ecological interactions, habitat preferences, and imminent threats to H. tricolor can be established. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.52816 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.52816 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52816/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52816/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.52079 2021-03-23 jor

Description and photographs of cricket parental care in the wild McNeil,Darin Erregger,Bettina behavior eggs Honduras nymphs Orthoptera short-tailed cricket Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 27-30 Although certain forms of parental care are relatively widespread phenomena among insects, within Orthoptera, parental care is rare. Short-tailed burrowing crickets (Anurogryllus spp.) are among the few members of this order for which extensive parental care has been documented. However, accounts of parental care in Anurogryllus have been largely under laboratory conditions, and observations of this behavior in the wild are rare. Herein we present photographic observations from a mountain slope in Honduras where we discovered an active Anurogryllus brood chamber where an adult female was tending her brood. We present these results in the context of parental care in insects and compare our observations with those reported in past literature published on Anurogryllus crickets’ parental behavior. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.52079 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.52079 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52079/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52079/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.55274 2021-04-21 jor

The luring mantid: Protrusible pheromone glands in Stenophylla lobivertex (Mantodea: Acanthopidae) Schwarz,Christian Jürgen Glaw,Frank Calling behavior Neotropics praying mantis reproductive strategy Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 31-33 The hitherto unknown pheromone gland of female Stenophylla lobivertex Lombardo, 2000, a poorly understood praying mantis distributed in the Neotropics, is described and figured. In contrast to other mantodeans, this species has a protrusible, bifurcated (Y-shaped) gland of 6 mm length. It is protracted by sexually receptive females during nighttime and only when undisturbed. The significance of this morphological and behavioral adaptation is discussed in light of the reproductive strategy of the species and its assumed rarity in the natural habitat. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.55274 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.55274 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/55274/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/55274/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.59262 2021-04-26 jor

Conservation possibilities of Isophya costata (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) based on frequency, population size, and habitats Kenyeres,Zoltan Bauer,Norbert Carpathian Basin endemic species grassland character hayfields mowing overseeding Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 35-41 Isophya costata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, commonly called the Keeled Plump Bush-cricket, is an endemic Natura 2000 species in the Carpathian Basin and is included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened species. We used extensive data collection from Hungary retrieved between 2004 and 2019 from 700 sampling sites spread over an area of 12,700 km2 to examine the occurrence of the species in different regions in grasslands of similar structure but different origin, naturalness, and character. The results confirmed that I. costata currently occurs with the highest number of populations and highest density in regularly mowed, mesophilic hayfields rich in dicotyledonous plants (Arrhenatheretalia). The species also appears in smaller numbers in grasslands adjacent to hayfields, such as wetland meadows (Molinion coeruleae), marsh meadows (Deschampsion caespitosae, Alopecurenion pratensis), and edge habitats dominated by herbaceous plants. However, the results show that the extension of these habitats has a negatively significant correlation with both the occurrence of the species and its density. Isophya costata occurs in steppe meadows much less frequently than in mesophilic hayfields. The species is endemic to the Pannonian Steppe, and the key to their conservation is by maintaining stocks of hayfields in the species’ area of distribution. According to this study, overseeding of mowed grasslands leads to the decline of the species. To preserve I. costata, it is necessary to eliminate trampling in its areas of occurrence (prohibition of grazing) and encourage late-season mowing adapted to the phenology of the species (not as early as mid-July) or, if this is not feasible, mosaic-type treatment leaving unmown patches (e.g., 1/3 of the plot). info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.59262 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.59262 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/59262/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/59262/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.58095 2021-05-07 jor

New species and records of the genus Lipotactes (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Lipotactinae) from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand Ingrisch,Sigfrid Cambodia diagnostic key South-East Asia Taxonomy Thailand Vietnam Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 51-65 Six new species of the genus Lipotactes Brunner, 1898 are described: three species from Vietnam – L. serratus sp. nov., L. angulatus sp. nov., L. productus sp. nov.; two species from Cambodia – L. discus sp. nov. and L. samkos sp. nov.; and one species from Thailand – L. saengeri sp. nov. The diagnostic characters are illustrated. Additional records are reported for L. vietnamicus Gorochov, 1993 and L. azureus Gorochov, 1996. The striking azure blue color of the alive male of L. azureus that contrasts with the green and white museum specimen is documented. An updated key to the species of Lipotactes from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand is provided. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.58095 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.58095 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/58095/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/58095/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.47778 2021-05-07 jor

Substrate-borne vibration in Pacific field cricket courtship displays Broder,E Wikle,Aaron Gallagher,James H Tinghitella,Robin communication purring crickets Teleogryllus oceanicus Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 43-50 While thought to be widely used for animal communication, substrate-borne vibration is relatively unexplored compared to other modes of communication. Substrate-borne vibrations are important for mating decisions in many orthopteran species, yet substrate-borne vibration has not been documented in the Pacific field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus. Male T. oceanicus use wing stridulation to produce airborne calling songs to attract females and courtship songs to entice females to mate. A new male morph has been discovered, purring crickets, which produce much quieter airborne calling and courtship songs than typical males. Purring males are largely protected from a deadly acoustically orienting parasitoid fly, and they are still able to attract female crickets for mating though typical calling song is more effective for attracting mates. Here, we document the first record of substrate-borne vibration in both typical and purring male morphs of T. oceanicus. We used a paired microphone and accelerometer to simultaneously record airborne and substrate-borne sounds produced during one-on-one courtship trials in the field. Both typical and purring males produced substrate-borne vibrations during courtship that temporally matched the airborne acoustic signal, suggesting that the same mechanism (wing movement) produces both sounds. As previously established, in the airborne channel, purring males produce lower amplitude but higher peak frequency songs than typical males. In the vibrational channel, purring crickets produce songs that are higher in peak frequency than typical males, but there is no difference in amplitude between morphs. Because louder songs (airborne) are preferred by females in this species, the lack of difference in amplitude between morphs in the substrate-borne channel could have implications for mating decisions. This work lays the groundwork for investigating variation in substrate-borne vibrations in T. oceanicus, intended and unintended receiver responses to these vibrations, and the evolution of substrate-borne vibrations over time in conjunction with rapid evolutionary shifts in the airborne acoustic signal. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.47778 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.47778 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/47778/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/47778/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.59153 2021-05-12 jor

Aspects of the life history and ecology of two wingless grasshoppers, Eremidium armstrongi and Eremidium browni (Lentulidae), at the Doreen Clark Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Brijlal,Reshmee Rajak,Akeel Armstrong,Adrian adult densities adult turnover competition avoidance microhabitat selection sympatric congeners Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 73-80 Most grasshopper species have simple and similar life cycles and histories; however, different environmental and ecological factors have different effects on their distribution, sexes, and developmental stages, with effects varying among species. If we are to conserve grasshoppers, we need to understand their ecology and life histories. The aim of this study was to investigate aspects of the life histories and ecology of two recently described co-occurring, congeneric species of wingless grasshoppers, Eremidium armstrongi (Brown, 2012) and Eremidium browni Otte & Armstrong, 2017, at the Doreen Clark Nature Reserve near Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. These two species have limited extents of occurrence, only being known from an endangered forest type in parts of the midland area of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, and therefore may need conservation action to ensure their long-term survival. No significant differences in the abundances of the two Eremidium grasshoppers were found, but their phenologies differed, with the adults of E. armstrongi being present before the adults of E. browni, with some overlap in presence over time. The Eremidium grasshoppers were only found in the forest and were more abundant in the forest margin. The Eremidium grasshoppers fed on soft plants from several families. Information on dietary differences between the species is required to determine whether there is potential competition between them. An adult E. browni female kept in an ex situ terrarium laid eggs in the soil, and nymphs took approximately two months to hatch. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.59153 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.59153 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/59153/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/59153/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.63692 2021-05-12 jor

Calling and courtship songs of the rare, robust ground cricket, Allonemobius walkeri Hershberger,Wil acoustic communication Nemobiinae song characteristics Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 81-85 In the original description of Allonemobius walkeri Howard & Furth, 1986, the authors describe the species’ calling songs in a table that included trill length, length of the interval between trills, pulse rate, and carrier frequency for four individuals. Further investigation of the acoustics of this species reveals that the calling songs are composed of syllables organized into echemes composed of a varying number of syllables, and organized into groups of echemes, of variable length. The echemes are separated by intervals of various lengths. The calling song is pleasing to the ear, with ~27 syllables per second and a carrier frequency of ~7.7 kHz at 25°C. The characteristics of the echemes and echeme intervals are significantly different when the cricket is singing in sunlight compared to darkness. In sunlight, echemes are shorter, but echeme intervals are longer. There is no effect on calling bout lengths. Courtship songs are quieter than calling songs, with a random delivery of soft and loud chirps in addition to fainter, rhythmic sounds randomly distributed between the chirps. Courtship songs are interspersed with long bouts of calling songs with displays lasting hours. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.63692 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.63692 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/63692/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/63692/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.52634 2021-05-12 jor

First observations of the Atlantic beach cricket, Pseudomogoplistes vicentae (Grylloidea: Mogoplistidae), in the Basque autonomous community, Spain Pelozuelo,Laurent Europe Palearctic region scaly crickets understudied insects vulnerable species Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 67-71 The Atlantic beach cricket Pseudomogoplistes vicentae Gorochov, 1996 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Mogoplistidae) is among the rare Orthoptera species that live exclusively in coastal habitats. It inhabits cobble beaches from North Africa to Great Britain, with populations known in Morocco, Portugal, Spain, France, Channel Islands, Wales and England. P. vicentae was found on the Spanish continental coast for the first time in 2018, in Asturias. The discovery of three populations in the Basque autonomous community (Northern Spain) is reported here, and useful information for increasing its detection and monitoring its populations is provided. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.52634 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.52634 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52634/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/52634/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.62170 2021-06-03 jor

Revision of the tusked bush-crickets (Tettigonioidea: Pseudophyllinae: Dicranostomus) with description of the hitherto unknown sexes Heller,Klaus-Gerhard Helb,Matthias Eucocconotini mandible Peru South America taxonomy weapon Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 87-94 The genus Dicranostomus belongs to the very few Orthoptera with elongated mandibular processes, here called tusks. However, it is also one of the least studied genera from whose two species only one female and two males have been known so far. We present additional material from both species and sexes that confirms that the males have the relatively longest (2–2.8 times pronotal length) tusks of all Orthoptera. Surprisingly, the females of both species differ in this character: females of D. monoceros have tusks and those of D. nitidus do not. Based on a comparison with other species, we hypothesize that the species use holes that males can defend and use to monopolize the females. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.62170 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.62170 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62170/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62170/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.62022 2021-06-03 jor

A new subspecies of the mantis Hierodula patellifera (Mantodea: Mantidae) from the Daito Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan Oshima,Kazuyuki Dictyoptera Kita-daito-jima Island Minami-daito-jima Island nymph Okinawa taxonomy Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(1): 95-98 A new subspecies of the Asian mantis Hierodula patellifera (Audinet-Serville, 1839), Hierodula patellifera daitoana ssp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from the Daito Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan. This new subspecies is distinguished from the nominotypical subspecies H. patellifera patellifera in adulthood by the relatively larger body size, the larger number of antennal segments, the presence of a white marking along the dorsal-inner surface on the procoxa, and marginal spines of the procoxa comprising two large and several small tooth-like projections. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Short Communication text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.62022 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.62022 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62022/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62022/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.62000 2021-06-17 jor

Neoxabea mexicana sp. nov. (Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new species from Mexico and a key for Neoxabea in North and Central America Collins,Nancy Velazco-Macias,Carlos Gerardo Acoustics key Nuevo Leon Orthoptera pedicel tubercle Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 99-106 A new species of tree cricket, Neoxabea mexicana sp. nov., is described from northeast Mexico. Although it has morphological similarities to two other species found in Mexico, there are distinguishing characters, such as a well-developed tubercle on the pedicel, black markings on the maxillary palpi, one of the two pairs of spots on the female wings positioned at the base of the wings, stridulatory teeth count, and the pulse rate of the male calling song. The calling song description and pre-singing stuttering frequencies are provided. Character comparisons that rule out other species in the genus are presented. The common name given to this new species is Mexican tree cricket. Sound recordings and video are available online. We also make some clarification of the status of Neoxabea formosa (Walker, 1869), described as Oecanthus formosus, and present a key of Neoxabea in North and Central America. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.62000 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.62000 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62000/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/62000/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.63405 2021-08-09 jor

Embryo-to-embryo communication facilitates synchronous hatching in grasshoppers Tanaka,Seiji egg hatching egg pod hatching synchrony Orthoptera vibration Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 107-115 Synchronous hatching within single egg clutches is moderately common in locusts and other insects and can be mediated by vibrational stimuli generated by adjacent embryos. However, in non-locust grasshoppers, there has been little research on the patterns of egg hatching and the mechanisms controlling the time of hatching. In this study, the hatching patterns of six grasshoppers (Atractomorpha lata, Oxya yezoensis, Acrida cinerea, Chorthippus biguttulus, Gastrimargus marmoratus, and Oedaleus infernalis) were observed under various laboratory treatments. Under continuous illumination and a 25/30°C thermocycle, the eggs of these grasshoppers tended to hatch during the first half of the daily warm period. Eggs removed from egg pods and cultured at 30°C tended to hatch significantly earlier and more synchronously when kept in groups vs. singly. In general, eggs hatched earlier when egg group size was increased. Egg hatching was stimulated by hatched nymphs in some species, but not in others. In all species, two eggs separated by several millimeters on sand hatched less synchronously than those kept in contact with one another, but the hatching synchrony of similarly separated eggs was restored if they were connected by a piece of wire, suggesting that a physical signal transmitted through the wire facilitated synchronized hatching. In contrast, hatching times in the Emma field cricket, Teleogryllus emma, which lays single, isolated eggs, were not influenced by artificial clumping in laboratory experiments. These results are discussed and compared with the characteristics of other insects. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.63405 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.63405 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/63405/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/63405/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.64266 2021-08-27 jor

Perception and knowledge of grasshoppers among indigenous communities in tropical forest areas of southern Cameroon: Ecosystem conservation, food security, and health Oumarou Ngoute,Charly Hunter,David Lecoq,Michel biodiversity conservation Caelifera crop pest disease indigenous people Orthoptera Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 117-130 The increased attention given to health, food security, and biodiversity conservation in recent years should bring together conventional scientists and indigenous people to share their knowledge systems for better results. This work aims to assess how grasshoppers are perceived by the local people in southern Cameroon, particularly in terms of food, health, and landscape conservation. Villagers were interviewed individually using a rapid rural assessment method in the form of a semi-structured survey. Nearly all people (99%) declared that they are able to identify local grasshoppers, generally through the color of the insect (80%). Crop fields were the most often cited landscape (16%) in terms of abundance of grasshoppers, with forest being less mentioned (8%). In general, villagers claimed that grasshopper abundance increased with forest degradation. Grasshoppers were found during all seasons of the year but noted to be more abundant during the long dry seasons. People found grasshoppers both useful and harmful, the most harmful reported being Zonocerus variegatus, an important crop pest. Cassava is the most attacked crop with 75–100% losses. Industrial crops, such as cocoa, coffee, and bananas, were not cited as being damaged by grasshoppers. The most effective conventional method cited for the control of pest grasshoppers is the use of pesticides (53%) with, in most cases (27%), a 75–100% efficiency. The traditional method of spreading ash was also often cited (19%), with an estimated efficiency of 25–75%. Biological methods were neither cited nor used by the villagers. Most of them (87%) declared that they eat grasshoppers; some sold these insects in the market (58%) and some used them to treat diseases (11%). info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.64266 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.64266 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/64266/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/64266/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.65603 2021-09-27 jor

A new species of pygmy mole cricket (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae) from the Lake Wales ridge of Florida and new records of Ellipes eisneri from the northern Brooksville ridge Woo,Brandon Distribution Florida endemics sandhill scrub taxonomy Tridactylinae Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 131-143 Pygmy mole crickets (Orthoptera: Tridactylidae) are usually associated with the edges of ponds and streams, but in the sandy uplands of Florida, at least two lineages of these insects have evolved to live in xeric scrub and sandhill habitats. Very little work has been done with scrub tridactylids since they are tiny and often difficult to collect. In this paper, the pygmy mole cricket Ellipes deyrupi sp. nov. is described from the northern Lake Wales Ridge of Florida. It is sympatric at all known locations with another scrub tridactylid, Neotridactylus archboldi Deyrup & Eisner, but has not been found co-occurring with the closely related Ellipes eisneri Deyrup. The habits of this new species are convergent with both N. archboldi and E. eisneri. In addition, new records of Ellipes eisneri are presented, extending this species’ known distribution to the Northern Brooksville Ridge. Both species of scrub Ellipes are found in restricted geographic ranges and suffer from a lack of study and recognition. Conservation implications for these two species are discussed. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.65603 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.65603 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/65603/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/65603/download/pdf/ en

10.3897/jor.30.65971 2021-10-07 jor

The 2019–2020 upsurge of the desert locust and its impact in Pakistan SULTANA,RIFFAT Kumar,Santosh Samejo,Ahmed Ali Soomro,Samiallah Lecoq,Michel control strategies crop damage desert locust outbreak pest Schistocerca gregaria Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 145-154 The recent upsurge of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål, 1775) has had an impact on East Africa and the Middle East as far as India. It has affected and slowed down many aspects of the Pakistani economy. Swarms of locusts have infested many areas and caused immense damage to all types of crops. Both farmers and economists are concerned and are trying to get the most up-to-date information on the best strategy to manage this pest. This paper is an attempt to (i) provide insight into the dynamics of this upsurge internationally as well as in the various regions of Pakistan, (ii) briefly assess its local impact and locust control measures, and (iii) clarify the role of the various stakeholders in the management, both nationally and internationally, suggesting various improvements for the future. info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1937-2426 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1082-6467 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC BY 4.0 Pensoft Publishers 2021 Research Article text/html info:doi:10.3897/jor.30.65971 https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.65971 https://jor.pensoft.net/article/65971/ https://jor.pensoft.net/article/65971/download/pdf/ en cGFnZT0xJnNldD1qb3ImZnJvbT0mdW50aWw9Jm1ldGFkYXRhX3ByZWZpeD1vYWlfZGM=