Conocephalus exemptus male adult in its natural environment in Singapore (A). Oscillograms showing the start of a complex echeme (B) and a section of the echeme at the end of the first part and the beginning of the second part (C). Power spectrum (D) and spectrogram (E) of the echeme at the end of the first part and the beginning of the second part. Oscillograms showing the first (F) and second (G, showing four syllables) parts of an echeme. Three-dimensional anal view of the left stridulatory file (SF) (H), ventral view of the same SF (I), ventral view of the right tegmen sound-producing organs (J), and ventral view of the right SF (K).